Disclosed are rice environmental conditional-lethal mutant gene osesl1, an encoding protein and use thereof The gene osesl1 has a nucleotide sequence shown as SEQ ID NO: 1 in the Sequence Listing. The encoding protein thereof has an amino acid sequence shown as SEQ ID NO: 2. After heading of osesl1 mutant rice, seed embryo lethal phenotype appears at 12 days after pollination, exhibiting darkening at the junction between embryo and endosperm. When an average temperature is below 22° C., a seed embryo is normal; when the average temperature is above 28° C., the seed embryo is lethal; when the temperature is between 22° C. and 28° C., the seed embryo is lethal under long daylight conditions (>13 h) and normal under short daylight conditions (<13 h). Use of the gene osesl1 in controlling seed embryo development of rice is further provided.

Described herein are methods for producing guayule seeds, guayule plants, and products generated therefrom. More specifically, the disclosure provides methods for the production of viable seeds from apomictic guayule plants, seeds produced by such methods, plants grown from such seeds, plant parts, biomass, and biomaterials derived therefrom.

Compositions and methods are capable of modulating male fertility in a plant. Compositions comprise polynucleotides and polypeptides, and fragments and variants thereof, which modulate male fertility. Expression cassettes comprise a male-fertility polynucleotide, or fragment or variant thereof, operably linked to a promoter, wherein expression of the polynucleotide modulates the male fertility of a plant. Regulatory sequences drive expression in a male-tissue-preferred manner and may be targets to downregulate an operably-linked gene. Mutations that induce nuclear recessive male sterility in subsequent selfing and crossing of wheat lines containing the mutations may be tracked. Male-sterile plants may be maintained by crossing with a maintainer plant. Hybrids can be produced using the male-sterile plants.

The present invention relates to methods for controlling hybridization in plants and producing hybrid plants. The present invention also relates to nucleic acids encoding amino acid sequences for self-incompatibility (SI) proteins in plants, and the use thereof for the manipulation of SI, including seed production, in plants, particularly of the Poaceae family. The present invention also relates to kits, compositions, constructs and vectors including such nucleic acids, and related polypeptides, regulatory elements and methods. The present invention also relates to expression of self-gamete recognition genes in plants and to related nucleic acids, constructs, molecular markers and methods.

Methods of crossbreeding fungi organisms. The methods include placing a first fungus organism on a first growth medium. The first fungus organism is selected from the genus Psilocybe or Panaeolus. The methods further include placing a second fungus organism on the first growth medium adjacent to the first fungus organism. The second fungus organism is selected from the genus Psilocybe or Panaeolus and is different than the first fungus organism. The methods include allowing the first fungus organism to replicate to form a first colony and allowing the second fungus organism to replicate to form a second colony. The methods further include allowing the first colony and the second colony to expand until they intersect along a clamp line where the first colony and the second colony exchange genetic material between them to yield a crossbred fungus organism.

Disclosed is a method for breeding self-compatible potatoes, including the following steps: (1) selecting a self-compatible potato variety material and referring to it as PG6359, and cloning the S-RNase gene of PG6359 through the transcriptome sequencing method; and (2) obtaining two full-length sequences of the S-RNase gene from the cloned S-RNase gene in step (1) and referring to them as S.sub.s11 and S.sub.s12 respectively, and after carrying out an artificial self-pollination for the variety material PG6359, selecting the variety material having the genotype of S.sub.s11S.sub.s11 from the offspring as the female parent, and selecting a self-incompatible material as the male parent, and then obtaining a self-compatible F.sub.1 generation by hybridization. The invention overcomes the self-incompatibility of diploid potatoes, and does not require the introduction of any wild potato gene fragments, thereby avoiding linkage drag, and providing a basis for the rapid creation of a diploid potato inbred line.

Methods of Amaranthus control are provided, comprising, artificially pollinating an Amaranthus species at a growth area with an effective amount of pollen that reduces fitness of the at least one Amaranthus species, the effective amount comprising 1 mg to 1 gram per plant per application using a precision tool-assisted application or 10 gram to 100 kg per acre per application using a non-precision tool-assisted application during a flowering season of the Amaranthus species.

Disclosed is a method for breeding self-compatible potatoes, including the following steps: (1) selecting a self-compatible potato variety material and referring to it as PG6359, and cloning the S-RNase gene of PG6359 through the transcriptome sequencing method; and (2) obtaining two full-length sequences of the S-RNase gene from the cloned S-RNase gene in step (1) and referring to them as S.sub.s11 and S.sub.s12 respectively, and after carrying out an artificial self-pollination for the variety material PG6359, selecting the variety material having the genotype of S.sub.s11S.sub.s11 from the offspring as the female parent, and selecting a self-incompatible material as the male parent, and then obtaining a self-compatible F.sub.1 generation by hybridization. The invention overcomes the self-incompatibility of diploid potatoes, and does not require the introduction of any wild potato gene fragments, thereby avoiding linkage drag, and providing a basis for the rapid creation of a diploid potato inbred line.

Non-transgenic and transgenic plants, preferably crop plants, comprising at least one mutation of the KINTEOCHORE NULL2 (KNL2) protein, especially a mutation causing a substitution of an amino acid within the KNL2 protein, preferably within the C-terminal region of the KNL2 protein, which preferably have the biological activity of a haploid inducer. Further are methods of generating plants and haploid and double haploid plants obtainable by crossing non-transgenic and transgenic plants with wildtype plants as well as methods of facilitating cytoplasm exchange.

The invention provides a method to produce a mutant gene, wherein said gen comprises a modified promoter and wherein said gene is capable of inducing the parthenogenesis phenotype to a plant. The invention further provides said mutant gene, isolated nucleic acid molecule, construct or vector comprising the same. Also, the invention provides for a method to produce a parthenogenetic plant comprising the mutant gene, and the parthenogenetic plant thus obtained.