An energy absorber including a cover defining a cavity and a lattice core. The lattice core includes rod-shaped links having first and second ends connected at spaced nodes to form a three-dimensional structure disposed inside the cavity. The lattice core includes a first portion and a second portion that has a higher density than the first portion. The second portion is arranged behind the first portion relative to an expected direction of an impact with an object that initially contacts the cover in front of the first portion. A third portion may be arranged behind the second portion relative to the expected direction of an impact that has a higher density than the second portion. The first core may be a three-dimensional body having a negative Poisson's Ratio. The lattice core may be formed by an additive printing process.

A vehicle body structure includes a reinforcing material layer formed of a fiber reinforced resin and a vehicle skeleton member having a closed sectional structure formed of metal. The reinforcing material layer is bonded to a surface of the vehicle skeleton member having a recessed portion recessed toward an inside of the closed sectional structure. An adhesive is disposed at least between the recessed portion and the reinforcing material layer.

A bumper assembly includes a beam and a plurality of members attached to and positioned sequentially along the beam. Each member includes an outer tube extending transverse to the beam and an inner tube extending parallel to and in the outer tube. Adjacent ones of the members are configured to contact each other when both adjacent ones of the members are deformed.

A passive energy absorber to be supported by a bumper of a vehicle is disclosed. The passive energy absorber may include a base extending laterally, multiple fins, and multiple stoppers. Each fin may extend longitudinally from the base and be spaced laterally from adjacent fins to form lateral gaps therebetween. Each stopper may form, with a corresponding portion of the base, a triangular prism in a different lateral gap. The base, multiple fins, and multiple stoppers may be formed of polymeric material.

A crossmember for a bumper includes an extruded profile base frame with at least two connecting areas, for attaching the crossmember to a vehicle structure, and which are set at a distance from each other along a longitudinal direction. An extruded reinforcing element is fixedly secured to a rear side of the extruded profile base frame between the at least two connecting areas. The crossmember is weight-optimized and which can be produced in a cost-effective manner.

A second-time collision position estimator section estimates a second-time collision position that is a position at which an occupant on a two-wheel mobile object has a second-time collision, based on a relative vector estimated by a relative vector estimator section and a first-time collision position identified by a first-time collision position identifier section. An operation instructor section operates an external protection device, which is determined to be able to protect the occupant on the two-wheel mobile object based on the second-time collision position estimated by the second-time collision position estimator section.

A belly pan includes a first sheet having at least one energy management feature and a second sheet having a smooth aerodynamic surface. The first sheet is bonded to the second sheet. The belly pan is produced utilizing a twin sheet vacuum forming process.

A vehicle collision sensor includes a piezoelectric polymer film that includes a piezoelectric element deformed to generate an output voltage, and a pair of electrodes clamping the piezoelectric element from both its surfaces, at least one of the electrodes including divided pieces away from each other in a state where the at least one of the electrodes is joined to the piezoelectric element, and a conductive component that is clamped between the film and a bumper cover, which is provided on a front portion of a vehicle, or that is clamped between a fastening component, which attaches the film to the bumper cover, and the film, in a state where the film is attached to an inner surface of the bumper cover, so that the conductive component connects together the divided pieces from a side of the divided pieces, which is not joined to the piezoelectric element.

At a front bumper, a supporting member is mounted to a bent portion of a bumper RF, and the supporting member extends-out toward a vehicle transverse direction outer side from the bumper RF. Therefore, when a pressure tube is pressed at a time of a collision of a collision body with a vehicle corner portion, reaction force is applied from the supporting member to the pressure tube, and the pressure tube deforms. Due thereto, a collision with a collision body can be detected. Here, when load of a predetermined value or greater is inputted to the supporting member from a rear side, the supporting member separates from the bumper RF. Therefore, in a damage test, when the supporting member interferes with a sub-radiator that is at a vehicle rear side of the supporting member, the supporting member can be made to separate from the bumper RF.

A bumper assembly for a motor vehicle comprising a cross member that extends transverse the motor vehicle, and has an open hat-shaped hollow profile with a rear-sided web and legs, extending from the web, wherein flanges extend from a free end of the legs in the vertical direction; and an opening pointing away from the motor vehicle, in the longitudinal direction. At least one closing plate is arranged allowing the opening to be completely closed in the vertical direction and arranged allowing a partial length of less than 50% of the length of the opening to be closed in the transverse direction; and that the flanges are offset from each other with an offset in the longitudinal direction; and that the cross member has a varying cross section over its length, wherein a central region is offset upwards from the end regions with a height offset to the vertical direction.