The disclosure relates to a scintillator material for a radiation detector. In an embodiment, the scintillator material can include a crystalline alkaline-earth metal halide comprising at least one alkaline-earth metal selected from Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, said alkaline-earth metal halide being doped with at least one dopant that activates the scintillation thereof other than Sm.sup.2+, and co-doped with Sm.sup.2+, said alkaline-earth metal halide comprising at least one halogen selected from Br, Cl, I.

A brake fluid pressure control device for vehicles with bar handle, includes: an acceleration acquiring unit which is configured to acquire acceleration that occurs in the vehicle; and a control unit which is configured to judge a probability of occurrence of a rear-wheel lift based on the acceleration acquired by the acceleration acquiring unit, and which is configured to perform a pressure reduction control on a front wheel brake when judging that the occurrence of the rear-wheel lift is probable, the control unit which is configured to adjust a degree of pressure reduction of the pressure reduction control based on a differentiation value of the acceleration acquired by the acceleration acquiring unit.

The disclosure provides an anti-lock brake device including an oil pressure tank, a valve, and a movable component. The oil pressure tank has an accommodation space, an oil inlet channel, and an oil outlet channel connected to the accommodation space. The valve is slidably located in the oil inlet channel and for sealing or opening an oil inlet of the oil inlet channel. The movable component is located in the accommodation space and has a connecting channel corresponding to the oil inlet and an oil outlet of the oil outlet channel. When the movable component is slid to a depressurized position, the movable component is moved away from the valve for sealing the oil inlet, a first volume is produced between the connecting channel and the oil inlet, and a second volume, smaller than the first volume, is removed from between the connecting channel and the oil outlet.

An improved enclosed electric motorcycle has an electric motor directly driving the rear wheel with a chain or a belt. A pair of steering handles and an accelerator foot pedal enables a driver to drive the motorcycle like an automobile. The pair of the landing wheel assemblies individually has a take-up assembly to reduce their sprung weights, and has an electric motor to increase reliability. By adding a pair of anti-skid wheels, the driver can avoid many accidents. An inflatable safety belt and a pair of side airbags will protect the driver in an accident. If the battery pack explodes, it will be ejected away from the motorcycle to protect the driver. A drive-in electric engaging device enables the driver to drive the motorcycle to engage with a stationary charging station for charging its battery pack while parking.

The present invention provides a vehicle motion detecting apparatus that can satisfy a required detection accuracy with a simple architecture and at a low cost, and also maintain reliability of an applied external apparatus. The vehicle motion detecting apparatus 100 of the present invention has a motion detecting section 10 that detects a motion of a vehicle and a malfunction detecting section 20 that detects a malfunction of the motion detecting section 10, and is characterized in that the motion detecting section 10 is a 6-axis inertial sensor as the first multi-axis inertial sensor that is capable of detecting accelerations in directions of three axes and angular velocities about three axes.

A controller and a control method of a brake system for a motorcycle are obtained, the controller and the control method capable of improving behavior stability of a motorcycle at a time when a road surface is a steep upward slope. The invention also obtains a brake system for a motorcycle that includes such a controller. In the controller and the control method of the brake system for a motorcycle and in the brake system for a motorcycle according to the invention, in the cases where it is determined that a user's operation of a first brake operation section 11 is present and it is determined that the motorcycle 100 is in a slip-down state where the motorcycle travels backward while a front wheel 3 is braked when the road surface is the upward slope, an emergency braking action that causes a rear-wheel brake mechanism 14 to generate a braking force that brakes a rear wheel 4 is executed.

The invention obtains a controller and a control method capable of appropriately assisting with an operation by a driver while preventing a motorcycle from falling over.

In the controller and the control method according to the invention, in a control mode to make the motorcycle perform an automatic cruise deceleration operation, automatic deceleration that is deceleration of the motorcycle generated by the automatic cruise deceleration operation is controlled in accordance with a lean angle of the motorcycle.

A vehicle brake control device including a wheel speed acquisition section, a wheel acceleration calculation section, an anti-lock brake control section, a bad road determination section, and a bad road amount setting section. The wheel acceleration calculation section calculates a first wheel acceleration and a second wheel acceleration. The bad road determination section determines that a running road surface is a bad road when the calculated first wheel acceleration is larger than a first boundary line where the first wheel acceleration increases as the second wheel acceleration is larger in an area where the first wheel acceleration is larger than the second wheel acceleration. The bad road amount setting section increases a bad road amount as the calculated first wheel acceleration is larger when it is determined that a running road surface is a bad road.

A vehicle brake control device including a front wheel speed acquisition section, a rear wheel speed acquisition section, a front wheel acceleration calculation section, a rear wheel acceleration calculation section, a front wheel anti-lock brake control section capable of executing an anti-lock brake control for the front wheel, a vehicle acceleration acquisition section, and a bad road determination section configured to determine whether or not a running road surface is a bad road based on the front wheel acceleration or the rear wheel acceleration. The bad road determination section executes a bad road determination by selectively using one of the front wheel acceleration and the rear wheel acceleration at least based on information on whether or not the anti-lock brake control for the front wheel is executed and the vehicle acceleration.

Adaptive brake assist system a cyclist on a bicycle by an aptic feedback, includes a first sensor (for measuring the angular speed (.sub.1) of a first wheel of the bicycle, adapted to generate a signal representative of the angular speed of the first wheel; an actuator mountable to a portion of the bicycle, adapted to generate vibrations; a control module configured to generate a command signal of the actuator, so that the actuator vibrates at a vibration frequency (f), based on at least the signal representative of the angular speed of the first wheel (.sub.1) and based on one or more reference magnitudes (.sub.ref); and a learning module configured to determine, updating and delivering to the control module the one or more reference magnitudes (.sub.ref) based on at least the signal representative of the angular speed (.sub.1) of the first wheel.