An arithmetic model generation system includes a sensor information acquisition unit, a tire force calculator, and an arithmetic model update unit. The sensor information acquisition unit acquires acceleration of a tire. The tire force calculator includes an arithmetic model for calculating tire force F based on the acceleration, and calculates the tire force F by inputting the acceleration acquired by the sensor information acquisition unit. The arithmetic model update unit compares tire axial force measured by the tire and the tire force F calculated by the tire force calculator, and updates the arithmetic model.

An arithmetic model generation system includes a sensor information acquisition unit, a tire force calculator, and an arithmetic model update unit. The sensor information acquisition unit acquires acceleration of a tire. The tire force calculator includes an arithmetic model for calculating tire force F based on the acceleration, and calculates the tire force F by inputting the acceleration acquired by the sensor information acquisition unit. The arithmetic model update unit compares tire axial force measured by the tire and the tire force F calculated by the tire force calculator, and updates the arithmetic model.

A vehicle management system includes: a map calculation unit that calculates a slip map in which a traveling position of an autonomous vehicle and a statistical value of slip index values on the traveling position are associated; and a vehicle extraction unit that extracts, as a target vehicle, the autonomous vehicle that has measured an outlier of the slip index value on a traveling route compared to the slip map.

A vehicle management system includes: a map calculation unit that calculates a slip map in which a traveling position of an autonomous vehicle and a statistical value of slip index values on the traveling position are associated; and a vehicle extraction unit that extracts, as a target vehicle, the autonomous vehicle that has measured an outlier of the slip index value on a traveling route compared to the slip map.

An automatic torque control system and methods for automatically controlling a torque of a vehicle are disclosed. The method includes detecting when the vehicle engages a load. The method further includes automatically decreasing the torque when the vehicle engages the load and prior to one or more wheels of the vehicle slipping.

In a vehicle control device, a switching hyperplane generation unit generates a switching hyperplane based on a travel state of a vehicle and cornering stiffness dependent on a travel surface state as a state of a road surface on which the vehicle travels. A deviation computation unit calculates a deviation between a target trajectory and an actual trajectory of the vehicle. A state estimation unit estimates a state to be controlled of the vehicle based on the deviation calculated by the deviation computation unit. A target steering angle and acceleration/deceleration computation unit calculates a target steering angle and a target acceleration/deceleration rate of the vehicle based on the switching hyperplane generated by the switching hyperplane generation unit and an estimated state as the state estimated by the state estimation unit.

Method and apparatus are disclosed for traction control based on friction coefficient estimation. An example vehicle includes a plurality of sensors to measure qualities of a surface of a road and an anti-lock brake system module. The anti-lock brake system module (a) estimates confidence values for different road surface types based on the qualities of the surface of the road, (b) estimates a coefficient of friction between the road and tires of the vehicle based on the confidence values, and (c) adapt a traction control system by altering a target slip based on the coefficient of friction.

A vehicle for traversing an area with a minimal environmental impact is described. The vehicle includes a first component that creates a first environmental impact when the vehicle is traversing in the area. The vehicle further includes a second component configured to reduce the first environmental impact.

A vehicle for traversing an area with a minimal environmental impact is described. The vehicle includes a first component that creates a first environmental impact when the vehicle is traversing in the area. The vehicle further includes a second component configured to reduce the first environmental impact.

Systems and methods are provided for generating data indicative of a friction associated with a driving surface, and for using the friction data in association with one or more vehicles. In one example, a computing system can detect a stop associated with a vehicle and initiate a steering action of the vehicle during the stop. The steering action is associated with movement of at least one tire of the vehicle relative to a driving surface. The computing system can obtain operational data associated with the steering action during the stop of the vehicle. The computing system can determine a friction associated with the driving surface based at least in part on the operational data associated with the steering action. The computing system can generate data indicative of the friction associated with the driving surface.