A bellows-type air spring, more particularly a folding-bellows-type air spring having two or more bellows sections designed as folds or toroidal parts, which are separated by rings placed around the air spring bellows, more particularly metal rings, wherein the bellows-type air spring is secured between the sprung and the unsprung mass with the aid of connecting parts, more particularly designed as an air spring cap and an air spring rim or piston, and wherein the bellows project outward in the manner of a balloon between the connecting parts, or the folds or toroidal parts of the bellows project outward in the manner of a balloon between or adjacent to the rings.

A rail vehicle spring system has a spring strut, arranged between a bogie and carriage body of the rail vehicle, and includes a cylinder and a piston in the cylinder. Piston spaces are defined below and above the piston head. The piston or the cylinder is connectable with the bogie, while the other component is connectable with the carriage body. A spring cushions the body relative to the bogie, and a hydraulic system is connected with at least one of the piston spaces to charge the space with hydraulic medium. The spring surrounds the cylinder and is contracted by the piston when an excess pressure exists in the lower piston space with respect to the upper piston space, and an entraining element is adjoined by the spring. Only when an excess pressure exists in the lower piston space does the piston rod exerts a force on the entraining element.

A rail vehicle spring system has a spring strut, arranged between a bogie and carriage body of the rail vehicle, and includes a cylinder and a piston in the cylinder. Piston spaces are defined below and above the piston head. The piston or the cylinder is connectable with the bogie, while the other component is connectable with the carriage body. A spring cushions the body relative to the bogie, and a hydraulic system is connected with at least one of the piston spaces to charge the space with hydraulic medium. The spring surrounds the cylinder and is contracted by the piston when an excess pressure exists in the lower piston space with respect to the upper piston space, and an entraining element is adjoined by the spring. Only when an excess pressure exists in the lower piston space does the piston rod exerts a force on the entraining element.

A maglev vehicle and a suspension frame assembly thereof. The suspension frame assembly includes multiple suspension frames sequentially connected to each other. Each suspension frame comprises two motor beams, four support arms, and four air springs. An air spring mounting seat is disposed at a top portion of each support arm. The air spring mounting seats are cavities having openings. The air springs are accommodated in the respective cavities.

A lateral support element (304) include an element wall with a first surface facing away from an associated flexible wall (264) and a second surface facing toward the associated flexible wall. The lateral support element is disposed along the associated flexible wall such that an interface (334) is formed between an outer surface of the associated flexible wall and the second surface of the lateral support element. The interface is operative to generate a lateral spring-rate profile in an associated gas spring assembly that varies according to lateral displacement of the associated flexible wall and the lateral support element relative to one another. The interface can include a quantity of friction-reducing material and/or can be at least partially formed by a cross-sectional profile of the lateral support element that includes a convex profile segment. Gas spring assemblies and methods of assembly are also included.

A lateral support element (304) include an element wall with a first surface facing away from an associated flexible wall (264) and a second surface facing toward the associated flexible wall. The lateral support element is disposed along the associated flexible wall such that an interface (334) is formed between an outer surface of the associated flexible wall and the second surface of the lateral support element. The interface is operative to generate a lateral spring-rate profile in an associated gas spring assembly that varies according to lateral displacement of the associated flexible wall and the lateral support element relative to one another. The interface can include a quantity of friction-reducing material and/or can be at least partially formed by a cross-sectional profile of the lateral support element that includes a convex profile segment. Gas spring assemblies and methods of assembly are also included.

A vehicular suspension device has: a pair of primary support parts for respectively and elastically supporting elastic tires on a sub frame, the tires being located on both vehicle-widthwise sides; and a secondary support part for integrally and elastically supporting the pair of primary support parts and a car body via the sub frame, the secondary support part being located between the sub frame and the car body.

A vehicular suspension device has: a pair of primary support parts for respectively and elastically supporting elastic tires on a sub frame, the tires being located on both vehicle-widthwise sides; and a secondary support part for integrally and elastically supporting the pair of primary support parts and a car body via the sub frame, the secondary support part being located between the sub frame and the car body.

A railcar includes: a carbody; a bogie constituting member including an interface plate provided at a lower portion of the carbody, an air spring, and a bogie; an automatic level controlling valve configured to maintain a height of the spring within a certain range; a first attaching portion provided on a side surface of the plate, the valve being detachably attached to the side surface of the plate by the first attaching portion; and attaching means provided at the lower portion of the carbody, the valve being detachably attached to the lower portion of the carbody by the attaching means, the bogie constituting member being separable from the carbody in a state where the valve is attached to the side surface of the plate through the first attaching portion or a state where the valve is attached to the lower portion of the carbody through the attaching means.

The present disclosure relates to an electric control leveling valve for a vehicle, comprising: a vehicle height variation detection device, which is used for detecting a height variation of a vehicle body of the vehicle and generating a height variation electrical signal characterizing the height variation of the vehicle body; a control device, which generates a corresponding valve control command based on the height variation electrical signal; and a valve device, which is in gaseous coupling to a secondary suspension system of the vehicle and adjusts air mass of the secondary suspension system based on the valve control command. The present disclosure further relates to a corresponding vehicle, comprising such an electric control leveling valve. In some embodiments, the control can be made more flexible and active to facilitate diagnosis of faults of the electric control leveling valve, so that the valve can be replaced in time.