A power-assist assembly comprising a housing including a drive axle portion extending between a pair of extension sleeve connection ends spaced along a first axis and an input gear portion extending along a second axis transverse to the first axis. A gear assist housing is connected to the input gear portion. A boot assembly connected to at least one of the extension sleeve connection ends. The boot assembly includes an extension sleeve connected to the extension sleeve connection end, a boot sleeve connected to the extension sleeve and spaced from the extension sleeve connection end of the housing by at least a portion of a length of the extension sleeve, and a boot retaining ring connected to the boot sleeve opposite the extension tube.

A system comprises a processor and a memory storing instructions which when executed by the processor configure the processor to estimate a rack force for a steering system of a vehicle based on current driving and environmental conditions and estimate a health of an actuator of the steering system of the vehicle. The instructions configure the processor to estimate maximum achievable angle, velocity, and acceleration for the actuator of the steering system based on the estimated rack force and the estimated health of the actuator. The instructions configure the processor to provide to the steering system a path planned for the vehicle based on the estimated maximum achievable angle, velocity, and acceleration for the actuator of the steering system.

A position detection device for detecting a position of a shaft moving forward and backward in an axial direction is provided with a detection object attached to the shaft, an excitation coil for generating an alternating magnetic field, a power supply for supplying an alternating current to the excitation coil, and a detection coil arranged to be extending along an axial direction of the shaft and being interlinked with a magnetic flux of the alternating magnetic field. The excitation coil is arranged to surround the detection coil, and the detection coil includes a distorted curved portion being distorted with respect to a sine wave curve in such a manner that a peak value of a voltage induced in the detection coil changes into a sine wave shape when the shaft moves along the axial direction at a constant speed.

Carbon steel for a rack bar contains 0.50 to 0.55% by weight of carbon (C), 0.15 to 0.35% by weight of silicon (Si), 0.75 to 0.95% by weight of manganese (Mn), 0.025% by weight or less of phosphorus (P), 0.025% by weight or less of sulfur (S), 0.65 to 0.85% by weight of chrome (Cr), 0.20% by weight or less of molybdenum (Mo), 0.001 to 0.02% by weight of aluminum (Al), 5 to 50 ppm of boron (B), and iron (Fe) as a remainder and unavoidable impurities. A method for manufacturing the rack bar includes quenching, tempering, and drawing the carbon steel and warm forging the drawn carbon steel.

Described herein are steer-by-wire systems and methods of operating these systems in vehicles. A steer-by-wire system comprises a steering wheel assembly, comprising a steering wheel, sensors, and a torque generator. The system comprises a rack assembly, comprising a steering rack, sensors, and a rack actuator. The steering wheel assembly and the rack assembly are communicatively coupled by a steer-by-wire system controller, without having any direct mechanical links between the assemblies. In some examples, the controller instructs the rack assembly to control the steering rack position based on the steering input, such as changes in the steering wheel position. A steering map is used to determine the desired steering rack position based on the current steering wheel position. In some examples, a steering map is selected from a steering map set based on, e.g., the vehicle speed, vehicle direction, driver preference, and the like.

Described herein are steer-by-wire systems and methods of operating these systems in vehicles. A steer-by-wire system comprises a steering wheel assembly, comprising a steering wheel, sensors, and a torque generator. The system comprises a rack assembly, comprising a steering rack, sensors, and a rack actuator. The steering wheel assembly and the rack assembly are communicatively coupled by a steer-by-wire system controller, without having any direct mechanical links between the assemblies. In some examples, the controller instructs the rack assembly to control the steering rack position based on the steering input, such as changes in the steering wheel position. A steering map is used to determine the desired steering rack position based on the current steering wheel position. In some examples, a steering map is selected from a steering map set based on, e.g., the vehicle speed, vehicle direction, driver preference, and the like.

Described herein are steer-by-wire systems and methods of operating these systems in vehicles. A steer-by-wire system comprises a steering wheel assembly, comprising a steering wheel, sensors, and a torque generator. The system comprises a rack assembly, comprising a steering rack, sensors, and a rack actuator. The steering wheel assembly and the rack assembly are communicatively coupled by a steer-by-wire system controller, without having any direct mechanical links between the assemblies. In some examples, the controller instructs the rack assembly to control the steering rack position based on the steering input, such as changes in the steering wheel position. A steering map is used to determine the desired steering rack position based on the current steering wheel position. In some examples, a steering map is selected from a steering map set based on, e.g., the vehicle speed, vehicle direction, driver preference, and the like.

A method of manufacturing a rack bar includes: a rolling die abutment step of bringing a pair of rolling dies into abutment against an intermediate portion of a workpiece; and a ball screw groove forming step of forming a ball screw groove in the workpiece by moving the workpiece relative to the pair of rolling dies so that a region of the workpiece against which the pair of rolling dies is brought into abutment is moved from the intermediate portion toward a first end portion of the workpiece.

A rack assembly for a vehicle steering system includes a first rack component extending longitudinally from a first outer end to a first inner end, the first rack component having a first shoulder extending radially outwardly from a neck region to a head region. The rack assembly also includes a second rack component extending longitudinally from a second outer end to a second inner end, the second rack component having a second shoulder extending radially outwardly from a neck region to a head region. The rack assembly further includes a coupling assembly having an inner surface defining a hollow region that the head region of the first rack component and the head region of the second rack component are each disposed within, the inner surface having a first radial protrusion in abutment with the first shoulder and a second radial protrusion in abutment with the second shoulder.

The disclosure relates to a steering system for a motor vehicle, which is designed as a steer-by-wire steering system and comprises a rack, an electric drive for longitudinal displacement of the rack, a worm gear and a drive shaft which is in toothed engagement with the rack. The electric drive is connected to the drive shaft by the worm gear so as to transmit torque.