An air vehicle comprises a payload vessel, a propulsion system, and a buoyancy lifting unit anchored on said payload vessel. The buoyancy lifting unit comprises a plurality of balloons and a plurality of buoyancy gas reservoirs arranged in horizontal rows and vertical columns, a protractible rod, and a control system. Each of the balloons and buoyancy gas reservoirs is tethered to a lifting-joint on the protractible rod through a cable. The control system controls vertical move of the air vehicle to ascend through directing buoyancy gas flow from the buoyancy gas reservoirs into the balloons, and to descend through directing buoyancy gas flow from the balloons into the buoyancy gas reservoirs. The propulsion system controls horizontal move of the air vehicle to go forward and make turns.

An air vehicle comprises a payload vessel, a propulsion system, and a buoyancy lifting unit anchored on said payload vessel. The buoyancy lifting unit comprises a plurality of balloons and a plurality of buoyancy gas reservoirs arranged in horizontal rows and vertical columns, a protractible rod, and a control system. Each of the balloons and buoyancy gas reservoirs is tethered to a lifting-joint on the protractible rod through a cable. The control system controls vertical move of the air vehicle to ascend through directing buoyancy gas flow from the buoyancy gas reservoirs into the balloons, and to descend through directing buoyancy gas flow from the balloons into the buoyancy gas reservoirs. The propulsion system controls horizontal move of the air vehicle to go forward and make turns.

An airborne device for surveillance of an enclosed area, comprising a platform having illuminating imaging devices, and an attached lighter than air balloon. A vertically aligned rotor provides additional lift, a rotor directed along the length of the platform provides forward and backward motion, and additional rotors aligned sideways steer and rotate the device. The rotors are driven by electric motors powered by an on-board battery. A vertically directed distance sensor measures and controls the hovering distance of the device from the roof. A reel of optical fiber is installed at the rear end of the platform, and the optical fiber unwinds from the reel and deploys behind the device as it moves forward. This optical fiber carries image data back to a monitor. The length of fiber deployed, combined with directional and accelerometer readings can be used to determine the absolute position of the device.

An airborne device for surveillance of an enclosed area, comprising a platform having illuminating imaging devices, and an attached lighter than air balloon. A vertically aligned rotor provides additional lift, a rotor directed along the length of the platform provides forward and backward motion, and additional rotors aligned sideways steer and rotate the device. The rotors are driven by electric motors powered by an on-board battery. A vertically directed distance sensor measures and controls the hovering distance of the device from the roof. A reel of optical fiber is installed at the rear end of the platform, and the optical fiber unwinds from the reel and deploys behind the device as it moves forward. This optical fiber carries image data back to a monitor. The length of fiber deployed, combined with directional and accelerometer readings can be used to determine the absolute position of the device.

Air-buoyant structures, and vehicles incorporating air-buoyant structures, are provided. Hollow, air-buoyant structures may include a shell of ultra-low density aerogel material, foam material, or vapor-expanded material that is strong and stiff enough to withstand atmospheric pressure and lightweight enough to achieve buoyancy in air under evacuation. The shell may be reinforced with a suitable reinforcing material, such as helical nanofibers. The air-buoyant structures may also include vacuum pumps and valves operably connected to or integrated with the hollow shell. The vacuum pumps and valves may be configured to pump air out of the hollow shell and allow air back into the hollow shell to control buoyancy.

The present invention relates generally to an atmosphere purification apparatus using a flying object and an atmosphere purification and treatment method, and more particularly to an atmosphere purification apparatus using a flying object and an atmosphere purification and treatment method that are configured to specify a contaminated location and region in the atmosphere and remove contaminants scattered in the atmosphere by using a flying object that stays within a predetermined region or circulates while adjusting an altitude. For this purpose, the atmosphere purification apparatus includes a flying object filled with a gas having a lower specific gravity than that of air therein and an air purification unit provided on one side of the flying object, and configured to remove contaminants introduced thereinto, and removes contaminants in the atmosphere within a region having a height from the ground.

Aspects of the technology relate to propulsion systems for high altitude, long duration balloons, such as balloons that operate in the stratosphere for weeks, months or longer. A propeller assembly is used to provide lateral directional adjustments, which allows the balloon to spend more time over a desired region, reduce the return time to the desired region, reduce fleet overprovisioning, and increases the safety case by additional controls and avoidance abilities. A control assembly manages operation of the propeller assembly, including setting the pointing direction, speed of rotation and determining when to turn on the propeller and for how long. The propulsion system including the control and propeller assemblies is rotatable around a connection member of the balloon. Such rotation is independently adjustable from any rotation of the balloon's payload. The propeller blades may be made of plastic, which reduces weight and cost while providing sufficient speed at stratospheric altitudes.

Aspects of the technology relate to propulsion systems for high altitude, long duration balloons, such as balloons that operate in the stratosphere for weeks, months or longer. A propeller assembly is used to provide lateral directional adjustments, which allows the balloon to spend more time over a desired region, reduce the return time to the desired region, reduce fleet overprovisioning, and increases the safety case by additional controls and avoidance abilities. A control assembly manages operation of the propeller assembly, including setting the pointing direction, speed of rotation and determining when to turn on the propeller and for how long. The propulsion system including the control and propeller assemblies is rotatable around a connection member of the balloon. Such rotation is independently adjustable from any rotation of the balloon's payload. The propeller blades may be made of plastic, which reduces weight and cost while providing sufficient speed at stratospheric altitudes.

A polymer film assembly includes a stack of two or more polymer films. At least one of the polymer films includes directionally oriented molecules. The stack includes a first polymer film and a second polymer film layered with the first polymer film. A contracted bond assembly couples the first and second polymer films of the stack. The contracted bond assembly includes heated and contracted configurations. In the heated configuration the contracted bond assembly includes a bond fusion zone and a film interface having directionally disoriented molecules and an interface width between the bond fusion zone and the remainder of the first and second polymer films. In the contracted configuration the film interface is a contracted film interface having a contracted interface width less than the interface width and a contracted thickness greater than one or more of film thicknesses of the first or second polymer films.

Aspects of the technology relate to propulsion systems for high altitude, long duration balloons, such as balloons that operate in the stratosphere for weeks, months or longer. A propeller assembly is used to provide lateral directional adjustments, which allows the balloon to spend more time over a desired region, reduce the return time to the desired region, reduce fleet overprovisioning, and increases the safety case by additional controls and avoidance abilities. A control assembly manages operation of the propeller assembly, including setting the pointing direction, speed of rotation and determining when to turn on the propeller and for how long. The propulsion system including the control and propeller assemblies is rotatable around a connection member of the balloon. Such rotation is independently adjustable from any rotation of the balloon's payload. The propeller blades may be made of plastic, which reduces weight and cost while providing sufficient speed at stratospheric altitudes.