An environmental control system includes an air conditioning subsystem; a mix manifold downstream of the air conditioning subsystem and upstream of an environment to be conditioned; and a contaminant removal subsystem downstream of the environment to be conditioned. The contaminant removal subsystem includes a first gas-liquid contactor-separator. The first gas-liquid contactor-separator includes a first packed, stationary bed that provides a heat/mass transfer surface for contact between a contaminated air from the environment and a liquid absorbent.

An environmental control system includes an air conditioning subsystem and a contaminant removal subsystem downstream of the environment to be conditioned. The contaminant removal subsystem includes: a first gas-liquid contactor-separator; a second gas-liquid contactor-separator; and a dehumidifier disposed either upstream of the first gas-liquid contactor-separator or downstream of the second gas-liquid contactor-separator.

An environmental control system includes an air conditioning subsystem and a contaminant removal subsystem downstream of the environment to be conditioned. The contaminant removal subsystem includes: a first gas-liquid contactor-separator; a second gas-liquid contactor-separator; and a dehumidifier disposed either upstream of the first gas-liquid contactor-separator or downstream of the second gas-liquid contactor-separator.

Disclosed is an environment forming apparatus suitable for biological cultivation in extraterrestrial space. The apparatus includes a shell and a biological cabin configured in an upper space of the shell. A light management system for importing light of biological growth from external world is configured in the upper space, a thermal management system for at least balancing a temperature of the upper space and a water supplying system and configured for providing water for creatures growth are both configured on the shell. The biological cabin and the like are set at the appropriate part of the shell, an environment which is relatively suitable for biological growth or cultivation can be created and simulated on an extraterrestrial star, a condition is provided for ecological cultivation of the extraterrestrial space, an ecosystem of the extraterrestrial space can be formed, smooth extraterrestrial space biological experiment process is guaranteed.

Disclosed is an environment forming apparatus suitable for biological cultivation in extraterrestrial space. The apparatus includes a shell and a biological cabin configured in an upper space of the shell. A light management system for importing light of biological growth from external world is configured in the upper space, a thermal management system for at least balancing a temperature of the upper space and a water supplying system and configured for providing water for creatures growth are both configured on the shell. The biological cabin and the like are set at the appropriate part of the shell, an environment which is relatively suitable for biological growth or cultivation can be created and simulated on an extraterrestrial star, a condition is provided for ecological cultivation of the extraterrestrial space, an ecosystem of the extraterrestrial space can be formed, smooth extraterrestrial space biological experiment process is guaranteed.

An article includes a closed-environment air purification system that has a purifier through which air can be recirculated. The purifier is capable at a temperature of equal or less than 35° C. of converting hydrogen in the air to water and converting carbon monoxide in the air to carbon dioxide. The purifier has a reactor bed that includes media comprised of support particles and a metal catalyst disposed on the support particles.

A contaminant removal system for removing a contaminant from an environment includes a gas separator, a scrubber-separator downstream of the gas separator, and a stripper-separator downstream of the scrubber-separator. The gas separator is configured to receive a cabin air stream from the environment and concentrate the contaminant from the cabin air stream to produce a concentrated cabin air stream. The cabin air stream includes the contaminant, and the concentrated cabin air stream has a higher concentration of the contaminant than the cabin air stream. The scrubber-separator is configured to absorb the contaminant from the concentrated cabin air stream into a liquid sorbent and discharge a clean air stream to the environment. The stripper-separator is configured to desorb the contaminant from the liquid sorbent into a contaminant stream.

A passenger cabin air distribution system includes a ventilation system and an ejector-diffuser. The ventilation system is operable to provide a conditioned air. The ejector-diffuser is positioned to receive a flow of the conditioned air from the ventilation system. The ejector-diffuser includes an induction unit and a diffuser section. The induction unit includes a secondary inlet in communication with a cabin air from a passenger cabin and is configured to mix the flow of the conditioned air with an induced flow of the cabin air into a mixed air. The diffuser section includes a discharge to eject the mixed air to the passenger cabin. The diffuser section is shaped to provide for efficient mixing with low backpressure in order to maintain the low motive pressure in the nozzle.

A passenger cabin air distribution system includes a ventilation system and an ejector-diffuser. The ventilation system is operable to provide a conditioned air. The ejector-diffuser is positioned to receive a flow of the conditioned air from the ventilation system. The ejector-diffuser includes an induction unit and a diffuser section. The induction unit includes a secondary inlet in communication with a cabin air from a passenger cabin and is configured to mix the flow of the conditioned air with an induced flow of the cabin air into a mixed air. The diffuser section includes a discharge to eject the mixed air to the passenger cabin. The diffuser section is shaped to provide for efficient mixing with low backpressure in order to maintain the low motive pressure in the nozzle.

A system for spacecraft atmosphere CO.sub.2 capture that has a first heat exchanger configured to receive airflow from the spacecraft atmosphere and to cool the airflow via a first heat exchange with CO.sub.2-depleted air. The system further has a pre-cooler configured to receive and cool the airflow from the first heat exchanger, and has a second heat exchanger configured to receive the airflow from the pre-cooler. The second heat exchanger can cool the airflow via a second heat exchange with the CO.sub.2-depleted air. Deposition coolers can operate in a deposition mode in which CO.sub.2 from the airflow is deposited to generate said CO.sub.2-depleted air, and a sublimation mode in which deposited CO.sub.2 is sublimated into CO.sub.2 gas. A controller is configured to alternately cycle each of the first and second deposition coolers between the deposition mode and the sublimation mode.