A reef replacement system including: a front vertical open side having a horizontal lower edge and a parabolic upper edge, an upper layer extending from said parabolic upper edge to a height approximately equivalent to the height of said lower edge, wherein said system also includes at least two super-imposed cavities underneath said upper layer.

Oceans are warming becoming more acidic, and coral reefs are rapidly declining primarily due to anthropogenic global warming (climate change). Methods must be found to preserve as many of the 3000 species of soft corals as possible before they are gone. Maintaining biodiversity on coral reefs is essential to a balanced healthy reef. Since the chances of a political solution to reducing greenhouses gases are very unlikely, steps must be taken now to collect, preserve, and propagate as many marine reef organisms as possible including soft corals. Propagation methods of stony corals are well known, but soft corals are far more difficult to propagate due to their lack of a stony skeleton. This invention presents three methods for high volume, efficient, and inexpensive propagation of soft corals Alcyonacea (Octocorallia) and Corallimorpharia. Two methods use cubes in an eggcrate matrix, and the third involves propagating soft corals on glass plates.

A system for preserving or establishing an ecosystem comprises an assembly coupled to a guidance component. An assembly comprises an enclosure and a substrate, and is configured to contain one or more organisms within the enclosure. The guidance component causes the assembly to be transported to a destination environment. The assembly is decoupled from the guidance component. The assembly detaches from the substrate, to integrate the one or more organisms into an ecosystem of the destination environment.

A seawall may have an articulated sea-facing surface that forms pockets, tunnels, and other irregular surfaces that provide habitat for aquatic life. The seawall may be formed from panels of cast concrete, with the panels having protrusions extending from the sea-facing side. Extensions may be affixed to cast panels to further enhance the habitat created by the seawall and to attenuate incident waves.

A fishing hook snare system includes an elongated main body member that is constructed from a material suitable for prolonged exposure to an underwater environment. A plurality of snares are disposed along the main body. Each of the snares including a shape, size and construction material for engaging fishing hooks and entangling the same. A positioning unit having a plurality of weighted elements is in communication with the main body. The positioning unit having a tether and anchors for selectively positioning the main body a discrete distance from the bottom surface of the body of water or on the surface of the body of water.

Artificial reef for recreational diving (1) comprising a base (2) of a slab of reinforced concrete and a vertically extending superstructure (3) made of concrete of inert lightweight materials that is ejected onto a structural frame comprising a plurality of stem members (32) around a trunk (31) implanted into the base and plastic grid items (12) suspended thereupon in a predetermined manner so as to form, following concrete ejection, a reef having a form and aesthetics corresponding to that of a natural reef, comprising blind crevices (9) and through holes (7) leading to chambers (8) and smaller or larger cavities (10, 11), constituting microhabitats and refuges for targeted benthic and benthopelagic organisms. The reef (1) is founded onto the seabed with one or more beams (30) introduced into holes (4) that pass perpendicularly through the base (2) and extend vertically along the superstructure (3). Artificial reefs (1) are organized in groups (20) defining an artificial oasis for recreational diving within a planned section (ABCD) of the seabed.

Artificial reef for recreational diving (1) comprising a base (2) of a slab of reinforced concrete and a vertically extending superstructure (3) made of concrete of inert lightweight materials that is ejected onto a structural frame comprising a plurality of stem members (32) around a trunk (31) implanted into the base and plastic grid items (12) suspended thereupon in a predetermined manner so as to form, following concrete ejection, a reef having a form and aesthetics corresponding to that of a natural reef, comprising blind crevices (9) and through holes (7) leading to chambers (8) and smaller or larger cavities (10, 11), constituting microhabitats and refuges for targeted benthic and benthopelagic organisms. The reef (1) is founded onto the seabed with one or more beams (30) introduced into holes (4) that pass perpendicularly through the base (2) and extend vertically along the superstructure (3). Artificial reefs (1) are organized in groups (20) defining an artificial oasis for recreational diving within a planned section (ABCD) of the seabed.

A system of harvesting sea creatures from a trench holding the sea creatures in seawater, including a trench, an injection well, and a harvesting apparatus that extracts the sea creatures from the trench. The trench includes a gate at one end of the trench. The gate insertable into an opening at the end of the trench to prevent seawater from entering or exiting the trench and removable from the opening to allow the seawater to enter or exit the trench. The injection well is positioned external to the trench and can receive the seawater discharged from the trench. The harvesting apparatus includes a conveyor that inclines. The conveyor includes a conveyor belt and a wedge at one end of the conveyor that contacts the bottom floor of the trench when the conveyor is inclined.

A system of harvesting sea creatures from a trench holding the sea creatures in seawater, including a trench, an injection well, and a harvesting apparatus that extracts the sea creatures from the trench. The trench includes a gate at one end of the trench. The gate insertable into an opening at the end of the trench to prevent seawater from entering or exiting the trench and removable from the opening to allow the seawater to enter or exit the trench. The injection well is positioned external to the trench and can receive the seawater discharged from the trench. The harvesting apparatus includes a conveyor that inclines. The conveyor includes a conveyor belt and a wedge at one end of the conveyor that contacts the bottom floor of the trench when the conveyor is inclined.

There is described a module for an underwater structure. The module comprises a plurality of walls defining a cavity configured such that at least two walls of said plurality of walls confront one another to provide respective stack support surfaces for supporting said module, said walls are substantially parallel to form complementary stack surfaces, such that one stack surface may rest on a surface and the other complementary stack surface provides a rest surface for another module. Two or more walls of said plurality of walls each comprise an aperture providing a conduit through each two or more walls to said cavity, respective apertures of said two or more walls and said cavity configured to provide a water flow path into, through and from said cavity. The water flow path may be considered unconstrained or at least substantially unconstrained in that water may flow through the apertures and cavity without deviation or interruption other than by the module or cavity walls. In stacked formation an aperture may be occluded or partially occluded but still the module when on its own may provide water pathways which may be considered unconstrained or substantially unconstrained.