A concrete wave attenuating apparatus facilitating the formation of a vertical oyster reef includes: A) A concrete wave attenuating frame having i) a concrete frame top and a concrete frame bottom defining a periphery of the frame, each having corners and sides extending between the corners, ii) concrete corner posts extending generally vertically between generally aligned corners of the concrete frame top and the concrete fame bottom, iii) concrete sides between the concrete corner posts extending generally vertically between the generally aligned sides of the of the concrete frame top and the concrete fame bottom, a plurality of passages extending through the concrete sides; B) A space defined within the concrete wave attenuating frame, wherein the plurality of passages extend to the space; and C) optionally Cultch material within the space.

A restoration cap unit for construction of eco-friendly structures in a body of water is provided, which is constructed from materials including a primarily calcium carbonate material; and a cement that is capable of holding the primarily calcium carbonate material, wherein the restoration cap unit has a first side and a second side which are attached at an edge to form a tent shaped structure, such that the restoration cap unit is configured to be placed on top of an existing restoration assembly to extend the height of the restoration assembly.

A restoration cap unit for construction of eco-friendly structures in a body of water is provided, which is constructed from materials including a primarily calcium carbonate material; and a cement that is capable of holding the primarily calcium carbonate material, wherein the restoration cap unit has a first side and a second side which are attached at an edge to form a tent shaped structure, such that the restoration cap unit is configured to be placed on top of an existing restoration assembly to extend the height of the restoration assembly.

Provided is novel ephemeral substrate material for growing oysters that alleviates concerns related to adding large quantities of permanent fill to estuarine water and promotes high rates of oyster survival and growth, high meat quality and market-favorable shell-shape of cultured oysters, along with artificial oyster growing structures prepared from the ephemeral substrate material and methods of using the same.

Provided is novel ephemeral substrate material for growing oysters that alleviates concerns related to adding large quantities of permanent fill to estuarine water and promotes high rates of oyster survival and growth, high meat quality and market-favorable shell-shape of cultured oysters, along with artificial oyster growing structures prepared from the ephemeral substrate material and methods of using the same.

A construction unit for construction of eco-friendly structures in a body of water is provided, wherein the construction unit is formed from at least a cementitious material, wherein the construction unit forms a rectangular prism having two or more extensions extending from a long face of the rectangular prism, wherein a first two of the two or more extensions are located at opposite ends of the long face of the rectangular prism, and, when present, additional extensions are located between the first two of the plurality of extensions, along with structures formed from the construction unit and methods for making the construction unit.

A construction unit for construction of eco-friendly structures in a body of water is provided, wherein the construction unit is formed from at least a cementitious material, wherein the construction unit forms a rectangular prism having two or more extensions extending from a long face of the rectangular prism, wherein a first two of the two or more extensions are located at opposite ends of the long face of the rectangular prism, and, when present, additional extensions are located between the first two of the plurality of extensions, along with structures formed from the construction unit and methods for making the construction unit.

The present disclosure relates to shaped cementitious compositions that comprise a substrate for aquatic flora and/or fauna attachment; methods for providing a substrate for aquatic flora and/or fauna attachment comprising depositing a shaped cementitious composition into a body of water; and methods for making a shaped cementitious composition. The shaped cementitious composition is formed from a pourable cementitious mixture comprising: (a) a pozzolan comprising a natural pozzolan and/or a manmade pozzolan; (b) MgO and/or Mg(OH).sub.2; (c) an aqueous solution comprising one or more accelerants; and (d) at least one aggregate. In some cases, the MgO and/or Mg(OH).sub.2 of (b) is included in the aqueous solution of (c). And, in various cases, the manmade pozzolan comprises a slag.

A concrete wave attenuating apparatus facilitating the formation of a vertical oyster reef includes: A) A concrete wave attenuating frame having i) a concrete frame top and a concrete frame bottom defining a periphery of the frame, each having corners and sides extending between the corners, ii) concrete corner posts extending generally vertically between generally aligned corners of the concrete frame top and the concrete fame bottom, iii) concrete sides between the concrete corner posts extending generally vertically between the generally aligned sides of the of the concrete frame top and the concrete fame bottom, a plurality of passages extending through the concrete sides; B) A space defined within the concrete wave attenuating frame, wherein the plurality of passages extend to the space; and C) optionally Cultch material within the space.

A concrete wave attenuating apparatus facilitating the formation of a vertical oyster reef includes: A) A concrete wave attenuating frame having i) a concrete frame top and a concrete frame bottom defining a periphery of the frame, each having corners and sides extending between the corners, ii) concrete corner posts extending generally vertically between generally aligned corners of the concrete frame top and the concrete fame bottom, iii) concrete sides between the concrete corner posts extending generally vertically between the generally aligned sides of the of the concrete frame top and the concrete fame bottom, a plurality of passages extending through the concrete sides; B) A space defined within the concrete wave attenuating frame, wherein the plurality of passages extend to the space; and C) optionally Cultch material within the space.