A separating apparatus (10) for separating crossed hooks (21a-d) of overhead conveyor units (2a-d) includes a conveying cylinder (1) having a recess (11) which forms a helical thread (12) with helix base (121) and helix flanks (122, 123) for the conveyance of the hooks (21a-d). The conveying cylinder (1) includes at least, one wing-shaped separating element (13), which extends over a partial circumference of the conveying cylinder (1) and protrudes in the radial direction from the peripheral surface of the conveying cylinder (1), wherein the separating element (13), by rotation of the conveying cylinder (1), is insertable between two hooks (21a-d) resting on the conveying cylinder (1).

A separating apparatus (10) for separating crossed hooks (21a-d) of overhead conveyor units (2a-d) includes a conveying cylinder (1) having a recess (11) which forms a helical thread (12) with helix base (121) and helix flanks (122, 123) for the conveyance of the hooks (21a-d). The conveying cylinder (1) includes at least, one wing-shaped separating element (13), which extends over a partial circumference of the conveying cylinder (1) and protrudes in the radial direction from the peripheral surface of the conveying cylinder (1), wherein the separating element (13), by rotation of the conveying cylinder (1), is insertable between two hooks (21a-d) resting on the conveying cylinder (1).

A continuous converter for pyrolyzing or otherwise processing biomass or other solid organic feed materials includes a reaction chamber (5) for producing a solid carbon-containing product and a gas product and optionally a liquid water product via pyrolysis or other reaction mechanisms from a solid organic feed material. The chamber has an inlet (41) for supplying a solid organic feed material to the chamber and separate outlets (15, 35) for the solid carbon-containing product and the gas product produced in the reaction chamber. The inlet and the solid carbon-containing product outlet are configured so that the solid materials in the inlet and in the outlet form respective gas seals in the inlet and the outlet.

A continuous converter for pyrolyzing or otherwise processing biomass or other solid organic feed materials includes a reaction chamber (5) for producing a solid carbon-containing product and a gas product and optionally a liquid water product via pyrolysis or other reaction mechanisms from a solid organic feed material. The chamber has an inlet (41) for supplying a solid organic feed material to the chamber and separate outlets (15, 35) for the solid carbon-containing product and the gas product produced in the reaction chamber. The inlet and the solid carbon-containing product outlet are configured so that the solid materials in the inlet and in the outlet form respective gas seals in the inlet and the outlet.

A toner conveyance device includes a conveying screw having a shaft and a spiral blade. The spiral blade includes a start end-side blade adjacent to a bearing positioned at a start end part side in a toner conveyance path, a terminal-side blade adjacent to a bearing positioned at a terminal part side, and an intermediate blade. A toner discharge port is provided between the intermediate blade and the terminal-side blade. A spiral winding direction of the terminal-side blade is opposite to that of the intermediate blade, a spiral winding direction of the start end-side blade is equal to that of the intermediate blade, and a blade diameter of the start end-side blade and a blade diameter of the terminal-side blade are smaller than that of the intermediate blade.

A toner conveyance device includes a conveying screw having a shaft and a spiral blade. The spiral blade includes a start end-side blade adjacent to a bearing positioned at a start end part side in a toner conveyance path, a terminal-side blade adjacent to a bearing positioned at a terminal part side, and an intermediate blade. A toner discharge port is provided between the intermediate blade and the terminal-side blade. A spiral winding direction of the terminal-side blade is opposite to that of the intermediate blade, a spiral winding direction of the start end-side blade is equal to that of the intermediate blade, and a blade diameter of the start end-side blade and a blade diameter of the terminal-side blade are smaller than that of the intermediate blade.

A plug screw feeder (1) comprises a plug screw (10) with a thread (12) and a plug screw housing (20) surrounding the plug screw. The plug screw housing comprises an inlet opening (24) in a side of the plug screw and in a vicinity of a first axial end (18) of the plug screw. The plug screw is arranged for feeding lignocellulosic biomass material (99) from the inlet opening to a second axial end (19) of the plug screw when being rotated. The thread, in at least a part of an inlet section (15) of the plug screw, presents a jagged peripheral rim (14A) with an inwards directed leading edge. The inlet section is defined as the section of the plug screw passing the inlet opening during rotation. A feeding arrangement and system for treatment of lignocellulosic biomass material comprising such a plug screw feeder is also disclosed.

A plug screw feeder (1) comprises a plug screw (10) with a thread (12) and a plug screw housing (20) surrounding the plug screw. The plug screw housing comprises an inlet opening (24) in a side of the plug screw and in a vicinity of a first axial end (18) of the plug screw. The plug screw is arranged for feeding lignocellulosic biomass material (99) from the inlet opening to a second axial end (19) of the plug screw when being rotated. The thread, in at least a part of an inlet section (15) of the plug screw, presents a jagged peripheral rim (14A) with an inwards directed leading edge. The inlet section is defined as the section of the plug screw passing the inlet opening during rotation. A feeding arrangement and system for treatment of lignocellulosic biomass material comprising such a plug screw feeder is also disclosed.

A toner conveyance device includes a conveying screw having a shaft and a spiral blade. The spiral blade includes a start end-side blade adjacent to a bearing positioned at a start end part side in a toner conveyance path, a terminal-side blade adjacent to a bearing positioned at a terminal part side, and an intermediate blade. A toner discharge port is provided between the intermediate blade and the terminal-side blade. A spiral winding direction of the terminal-side blade is opposite to that of the intermediate blade, a spiral winding direction of the start end-side blade is equal to that of the intermediate blade, and a blade diameter of the start end-side blade and a blade diameter of the terminal-side blade are smaller than that of the intermediate blade.

A drier apparatus includes a cylindrical chamber in which a pair of screw conveyers each including a tubular shaft in which heat medium is able to flow, and carrier blades arranged on an outer surface of the tubular shaft is housed, a motor for rotating the screw conveyers, an input path connected to the cylindrical chamber at a proximal end of each of the screw conveyers, and an output path connected to the cylindrical chamber at a distal end of each of the screw conveyers. The input path and the output path include a device for opening and closing a path. Each of the screw conveyers includes a pair of tubular shafts arranged substantially in parallel with each other, and a plurality of semicircular carrier blades such that the carrier blades form a part of an imaginary spiral plane about the tubular shaft on an outer surface of the tubular shaft, the carrier blade being partially made of a material having a resistance to abrasion.