A fish attractant dispersal apparatus may comprise a dispersal pouch encompassing fish attractant. The dispersal pouch may comprise a water-soluble material configured to dissolve in water to release the fish attractant. The dispersal pouch may define an attractant cavity configured to encompass and seal the fish attractant. The attractant cavity may be sealed to at least partially reduce air trapped within the attractant cavity. The attractant cavity may be sealed to remove air within the attractant cavity.

A nontoxic liquid dye formulation for color staining the skin of live angling bait species comprises a dye substance suitable for application, and thereby for imparting color, to skin of angling bait species. The dye substance has a pH of between about 5.8 and about 8.2 and has a dye molecular structure carrying a net charge of no more than two negative charges or a net charge of no more than one positive charge. A dye carrier for the dye substance includes a water-soluble polyether compound mixed in an aqueous solution. The polyether compound has a weight average molecular weight of between about 2,000 and about 6,000 to function as a phase transfer agent that promotes partitioning of components of the dye substance into the skin of the bait species. The water soluble dye remains in the skin of the bait species, even though it is in an oily environment.

A minnow holding assembly includes a tubular member having a first end, a second end and a perimeter wall extending between the first and second ends. Each of the first and second ends is open. The tubular member includes a first portion including the first end and a second portion including the second end. The perimeter wall of the first portion has a plurality of elongated slits therein extending into the first end and toward the second portion. The slits expose portions of a minnow held within the tubular member such that a hook can extend through the slits and through the minnow.

The invention relates to a novel method for producing fish bait, in which fish are dehydrated and then impregnated. In a first step, fresh dead fish bodies are attached and suspended on a horizontal carrier in the longitudinal direction and then frozen in a deep freezer. In a second step, the frozen fish bodies are impregnated in deep-frozen acetone and dewatered. In a third step, the acetone is brought to room temperature in order to defat the fish bodies. In a forth step, the fish bodies are impregnated in a vacuum chamber, the acetone being replaced by a suitable impregnating means for a plurality of days under a vacuum. And in a fifth step, the fish bodies impregnated with the impregnating means are hardened at room temperature.

A method of attracting wildlife is provided using the oil of a cucurbit seed. The cucurbit commonly used is pumpkin but can include other cucurbits, such as watermelon, cantaloupe, cucumbers, and squash. The oil is extracted from the seeds and screened. The extracted oil is later dispensed or dispersed at a location where the presence is desired but located outside of the physical reach of wildlife. The oil can be applied to mask the scent of human presence or human activity. The oil draws in wildlife from neighboring areas that are not accessible to hunters or enthusiasts, such as swamps, thickets, or areas with heavy brush. The oil may be used on fishing lures or bait to attract marine wildlife.

Fish pot bait and related method comprising attractant and at least one additional material that serves to determine the release rate of attractant to the environment. The at least one additional material serving to determine the release rate of attractant can be hydrated lime (Ca(OH).sub.2) as well as a further additive selected from the group consisting of balls of expanded clay, salt, seaweed meal and any ratio combination of salt, expended clay and seaweed meal.

An apparatus including a body portion, having an inner chamber inside the body portion, wherein the body portion has a first end, and an opposing second end. The apparatus may also include a loop located outside of the body portion, and connected to the body portion; and a plurality of holes in the body portion, which lead to the inner chamber. The body portion may have a region including a first wall and a second wall, wherein the first wall abuts against and is in contact with the second wall in a rest state, and wherein when a prying force is applied, the first wall can be separated from the second wall, so that there is a space between at least part of the first wall and at least part of the second wall, so that an item can be inserted through the space and into the inner chamber of the body portion.

A system for remediation of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) has a multiplicity of ?-cyclodextrins (?-CDs) and/or modified ?-CDs combined with a vehicle additive, and a delivery device. Modified ?-CDs can contain a single amine functionality at a single primary carbon or single secondary carbon of the ?-CD. The vehicle additive can be powdered activated carbon (PAC). The delivery device is a column, a pouch, a packet, or a sheet that can permit the contacting of a fluid environment with the ?-CDs and vehicle additive. The system of remediation can be used for a fluid environment or for biological organisms. CD-based fluorescent sensors can detect PFASs in the environment.

A fish calling device for attracting predatory fishes by mimicking all sensory characteristics of a prey including appearance, sound and smell is disclosed. The device is configured to spray water into a waterbody around the device in a circular or a semi-circular pattern, thereby mimicking the appearance of a group of bait fishes. The water is sprayed to create the sound of a bait fish trying to escape from the predatory fishes when sprayed onto the waterbody. A scent bag is attached to the sprayer for dispersing/dispensing a smell through the water sprayer thereby mimicking the smell of a bait fish. Thus the device activates three senses of the predatory fishes including sight, hearing and smell for attracting them while fishing/competition.

The invention pertains to methods and systems for securing fish bait without killing, injuring, or damaging the structure of the fish bait without obscuring the bait or lure while improving the chances of catching a nearby fish. All types of bait or lures are secured by a mesh pouch in close proximity to a fish hook. The fishing hook may remain outside of the mesh pouch or be assembled inside the mesh pouch along with the bait. The bait may be live, previously live, artificial, or prepared such as cut bait or dough balls. There is no penetration of the bait by the hook so live bait tends to stay alive and active or if it is prepared, it will tend to stay in tack.