Provided is a medium conveying apparatus to enable suitable feeding of a plurality of types of media. A medium conveying apparatus includes a guide member including an opening or a notch and configured to form a conveyance surface of a medium, a feed roller located inside the opening or the notch and configured to feed the medium, a separation roller located to face the feed roller, and protruding parts located on left and right sides of the separation roller relative to a medium conveying direction. The guide member includes recessed parts positioned on left and right sides of the feed roller relative to the medium conveying direction. The protruding parts are located at positions facing the opening or the notch, or the recessed parts in such a way that the medium is conveyed between the protruding parts and the recessed parts. A tip of each of the protruding parts is positioned on the feed roller side of a nip part of the feed roller and the separation roller.

An image reading device includes a first power transmission section configured to transmit a driving force to the input gear, wherein the first power transmission section is configured to transmit the driving force from a first drive source that drives the feed roller to the input gear and furthermore, the first power transmission section includes a one-way clutch that does not transmit the power of the first drive source to the input gear when the first drive source rotates in a first rotation direction, which is a rotation direction during medium feeding, and transmits the power of the first drive source to the input gear when the first drive source rotates in a second rotation direction, which is opposite to the first rotation direction.

A paper delivery roll (12) includes: a shaft body (12a) and an elastic body layer (12b) formed on an outer peripheral surface of the shaft body (12a). A convex part (13) having a forward inclined surface (13a) whose inclination increases along a paper passing direction (Y) is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the elastic body layer (12b). An angle (1) of the forward inclined surface (13a) is 25 or more and 55 or less. A ratio of a nip area to a product of a nip width and a roll surface length at a load of 500 g is 0.2 or more and 0.6 or less.

An image forming apparatus includes an image forming portion and a sheet feed unit. The sheet feed unit has a pickup roller, a feed roller, and a retard roller. The pickup roller makes contact with a recording medium stored in a sheet feed cassette and feeds out the recording medium. The feed roller conveys the recording medium fed out by the pickup roller. The retard roller is kept in pressed contact with the feed roller to form a nip portion and conveys the recording medium while separating one sheet of it from the rest. The feed roller is covered at least partly from above by a first charge elimination member. The first charge elimination member is grounded.

A system for manufacturing battery cells and methods for utilizing the system are presented. The system includes a feed rotator that contacts an uppermost electrode sheet in a stack of electrode sheets, a fixed stop positioned adjacent to the feed rotator, and a bi-directional drive coupled to the feed rotator and operable to rotate the feed rotator in a first direction to force the uppermost electrode sheet against the fixed stop and immediately thereafter rotate the feed rotator in a second direction opposite to the first direction to feed the uppermost electrode sheet away from the stack.