A purified antibody, or an antigen-binding fragment thereof, is provided that binds selectively to a protein specific to an X-chromosome of a mammalian sperm cell. The sperm cell protein includes an amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 4 and 9-16. The antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof may be derived by immunization of a host by an antigenic peptide composition including one or more natural or synthetic antigenic peptide sequences set forth as SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 3, and SEQ ID NOs: 4 and 9-16. The antibody finds utility in identifying an X-chromosome bearing sperm cell population, and in methods for skewing a sex ratio in mammals. Embodiments of the subject antibodies referred to herein as anti-GX1-E protein antibody and anti-GX1-M protein antibody have the ATCC Patent Deposit Designations PTA-125897 and PTA-125898, having been deposited on Apr. 2, 2019.

The present invention is a system and method for using DNA markers and advances in genetic phenotyping information to obtain canine offspring having a desired phenotype, wherein the genetic information of a canine sire or dam, the known parent, is used in combination with the desired phenotype of the offspring to thereby determine the necessary DNA markers of the unknown canine parent, generating a visual illustration of the unknown canine parent, and then searching through a database of potential sires and dams to identify a dam or sire that most closely resembles the predicted unknown canine parent.

The present invention is a system and method for using DNA markers and advances in genetic phenotyping information to obtain canine offspring having a desired phenotype, wherein the genetic information of a canine sire or dam, the known parent, is used in combination with the desired phenotype of the offspring to thereby determine the necessary DNA markers of the unknown canine parent, generating a visual illustration of the unknown canine parent, and then searching through a database of potential sires and dams to identify a dam or sire that most closely resembles the predicted unknown canine parent.

The present invention discloses a method for breeding the commercial strains of red feather pink-shell laying hens. It provides a primer pair for identifying the red feather causative mutation homozygous genotype of white leghorn chickens, which is composed of the single-stranded DNA molecule shown in Sequence 2 of the Sequence List and the single-stranded DNA molecule shown in Sequence 3 of the list. After the primer was designed according to the upstream and downstream nucleotide sequences of the 18,288,303.sup.rd deoxynucleotide in the positive-sense strand of the 11.sup.th chromosome as shown in the sequence information of the chicken reference genome Gallus_gallus-4.0 version published in NCBI, the genotype (SNP) at this site is tested through the restriction fragment length polymorphism, the genotype of the site (SNP) was tested through the restriction fragment length polymorphism; the offspring hens obtained by cross breeding the homogenous female parent (the homogenous female parent was obtained through expanded propagation of the white leghorn chickens with the red feather causative mutation homozygous genotype) and the Rhode Island Red rooster as a male parent are all of red feather phenotype, meeting the market demands and enjoying a broad prospect for promotion.

The present invention discloses a method for breeding the commercial strains of red feather pink-shell laying hens. It provides a primer pair for identifying the red feather causative mutation homozygous genotype of white leghorn chickens, which is composed of the single-stranded DNA molecule shown in Sequence 2 of the Sequence List and the single-stranded DNA molecule shown in Sequence 3 of the list. After the primer was designed according to the upstream and downstream nucleotide sequences of the 18,288,303.sup.rd deoxynucleotide in the positive-sense strand of the 11.sup.th chromosome as shown in the sequence information of the chicken reference genome Gallus_gallus-4.0 version published in NCBI, the genotype (SNP) at this site is tested through the restriction fragment length polymorphism, the genotype of the site (SNP) was tested through the restriction fragment length polymorphism; the offspring hens obtained by cross breeding the homogenous female parent (the homogenous female parent was obtained through expanded propagation of the white leghorn chickens with the red feather causative mutation homozygous genotype) and the Rhode Island Red rooster as a male parent are all of red feather phenotype, meeting the market demands and enjoying a broad prospect for promotion.

This disclosure relates to an improved method of producing an animal of a particular breed. The method can comprise the step of determining genetic test results. The genetic test results can relate to one or more genetic characteristics of the animal. The method can also comprise the step of comparing the genetic test results to each other genetic test result of a plurality of other genetic test results to determine a probability that if the first animal is mated with an animal associated with the other genetic test result that resulting offspring would have characteristics each within a predetermined threshold. The method can also comprise the steps of determining the other animal to be a suitable match if the probability is above an acceptable probability threshold, and producing offspring with the animal and at least one of the other animals determined to be a suitable match.

This disclosure relates to an improved method of producing an animal of a particular breed. The method can comprise the step of determining genetic test results. The genetic test results can relate to one or more genetic characteristics of the animal. The method can also comprise the step of comparing the genetic test results to each other genetic test result of a plurality of other genetic test results to determine a probability that if the first animal is mated with an animal associated with the other genetic test result that resulting offspring would have characteristics each within a predetermined threshold. The method can also comprise the steps of determining the other animal to be a suitable match if the probability is above an acceptable probability threshold, and producing offspring with the animal and at least one of the other animals determined to be a suitable match.

The invention relates to a sex determination (SD) marker of a male Mugilidae fish comprising a nucleic acid sequence corresponding to a sequence of a Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) gene of said fish and including at least one male (Y) specific nucleotide difference when compared to a corresponding sequence on a FSHR gene of a female Mugilidae fish. The invention further concerns uses of this sex determination marker in methods of early sex determination in a Mugilidae fish, methods of sex-reversal of a Mugilidae fish prior to appearance of a sex phenotype, and methods for producing a mono-sex population of Mugilidae fishes.

The invention relates to a sex determination (SD) marker of a male Mugilidae fish comprising a nucleic acid sequence corresponding to a sequence of a Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) gene of said fish and including at least one male (Y) specific nucleotide difference when compared to a corresponding sequence on a FSHR gene of a female Mugilidae fish. The invention further concerns uses of this sex determination marker in methods of early sex determination in a Mugilidae fish, methods of sex-reversal of a Mugilidae fish prior to appearance of a sex phenotype, and methods for producing a mono-sex population of Mugilidae fishes.

The present disclosure relates generally to methods for using porcine sex-sorted sperm cells for the efficient dissemination of desirable traits in multi-level swine production systems. The methods include using sex-sorted sperm cells for skewing offspring gender at the commercial farm level, producing porcine herds having improved growth performance traits, producing pathogen-resistant porcine herds, and disseminating desirable traits from a genetic nucleus to commercial farms using low dose artificial insemination techniques. The methods also provide a means for reducing costs at the production level by increasing the ratio of female offspring and improving animal welfare at all levels of production by reducing or eliminating male castration. In addition, the methods of the present technology may be employed to develop production flows for specialized pork products.