In certain aspects, the present disclosure relates to a composition comprising a first compound that is a trigeminal nerve irritant, a second compound that is an animal repellent, and an acceptable carrier. The disclosure also relates to methods of repelling an animal from a substrate comprising applying to a substrate the compositions comprising a trigeminal nerve irritant and an animal repellent as described herein.

The present invention relates to compounds of the formula (I), in particular to phenoxyphenylamidines of the formula (I), to a process for their preparation, to the use of phenoxyphenylamidines of the formula (I) according to the invention for controlling unwanted microorganisms, in particular phytopathogenic fungi and also to a composition for this purpose, comprising the phenoxyphenylamidines of the formula (I) according to the invention. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for controlling unwanted microorganisms, in particular phytopathogenic fungi, characterized in that the compounds of the formula (I) are applied to the microorganisms, in particular to the phytopathogenic fungi and/or in their habitat.

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The present invention relates to compounds of the formula (I), in particular to phenoxyphenylamidines of the formula (I), to a process for their preparation, to the use of phenoxyphenylamidines of the formula (I) according to the invention for controlling unwanted microorganisms, in particular phytopathogenic fungi and also to a composition for this purpose, comprising the phenoxyphenylamidines of the formula (I) according to the invention. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for controlling unwanted microorganisms, in particular phytopathogenic fungi, characterized in that the compounds of the formula (I) are applied to the microorganisms, in particular to the phytopathogenic fungi and/or in their habitat.

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Pesticidal mixtures including a pesticidally active compound I selected from: a) compound a) of formula (I).

##STR00001## b) compound b) of formula (Ia),

##STR00002## c) mixtures comprising compounds a) and b),

and at least one further pesticidal active ingredient are disclosed. Methods and use of these mixtures for combating and controlling insects, acarids or nematodes in and on plants, and for protecting such plants being infested with pests are disclosed.

Pesticidal mixtures including a pesticidally active compound I selected from: a) compound a) of formula (I).

##STR00001## b) compound b) of formula (Ia),

##STR00002## c) mixtures comprising compounds a) and b),

and at least one further pesticidal active ingredient are disclosed. Methods and use of these mixtures for combating and controlling insects, acarids or nematodes in and on plants, and for protecting such plants being infested with pests are disclosed.

Disclosed is a method for preparing an insoluble polyaniline complex with antimicrobial activity and heavy metal removal efficiency that involves doping a porous nonconductive polyaniline emeraldine base with an organic acid to impart conductivity and then with a metal ion to render the metal ion attached to the surface of the conductive polymer, and a polyaniline complex prepared from the preparation method, which polyaniline complex is excellent in the ability to adsorb and/or eliminate bacteria and other microbes and to remove heavy metals and hence available in any of various applications for antimicrobial activity and heavy metal removal, including filters for water purifier, automobile or household air conditioner, gas masks, water and sewage treatment system, air purifier, cleanroom, etc.

Disclosed is a method for preparing an insoluble polyaniline complex with antimicrobial activity and heavy metal removal efficiency that involves doping a porous nonconductive polyaniline emeraldine base with an organic acid to impart conductivity and then with a metal ion to render the metal ion attached to the surface of the conductive polymer, and a polyaniline complex prepared from the preparation method, which polyaniline complex is excellent in the ability to adsorb and/or eliminate bacteria and other microbes and to remove heavy metals and hence available in any of various applications for antimicrobial activity and heavy metal removal, including filters for water purifier, automobile or household air conditioner, gas masks, water and sewage treatment system, air purifier, cleanroom, etc.

Embodiments of the invention are directed of compositions for activation or inhibition of the Oct2 receptor and uses thereof. The inventors have discovered that the beta adrenergic-like octopamine receptor Oct2 serves as a key signaling molecule for ovulation and recruits protein kinase A and Ca2+/calmodulin-sensitive kinase II as downstream effectors for this activity. Oct2R homozygous mutant females are sterile, and display normal courtship, copulation, sperm storage and post-mating rejection behavior but were unable to lay eggs.

Embodiments of the invention are directed of compositions for activation or inhibition of the Oct2 receptor and uses thereof. The inventors have discovered that the beta adrenergic-like octopamine receptor Oct2 serves as a key signaling molecule for ovulation and recruits protein kinase A and Ca2+/calmodulin-sensitive kinase II as downstream effectors for this activity. Oct2R homozygous mutant females are sterile, and display normal courtship, copulation, sperm storage and post-mating rejection behavior but were unable to lay eggs.

The present invention relates to the use of non-proline cyclic amino acids of general formula (I), wherein n, X, Y and Z have the meaning indicated in the description, to increase the tolerance of plants to conditions of osmotic stress, resulting from a lack of water in the environment. Non-proline amino acids used in the invention are of natural origin and are much more effective than other known amino acids used for the same purpose. This invention can therefore be considered very useful for preventing economic losses caused by a reduction in yield in agricultural crops.

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