An aqueous antimicrobial coating composition capable of forming an antimicrobial coating on a surface comprises at least two organosilanes, each of the at least two organosilanes having a structure, RSi(OR).sub.3 wherein R=(CH.sub.2).sub.3Y; Y=.sup.+N(CH.sub.3).sub.2(C.sub.18H.sub.37)X.sup.; .sup.+N(CH.sub.3).sub.2(C.sub.14H.sub.29)X.sup.; .sup.+N(C.sub.10H.sub.21).sub.2(CH.sub.3)X.sup.; Cl or NH.sub.2; X.sup.=halide, sulfate, nitrate, phosphate, carbonate, organic sulfonate, organic carbonate, BF.sub.4.sup., or ClO.sub.4.sup.; and R=H, methyl or ethyl, or a C.sub.3-C.sub.6 straight-chained, branched or cyclic alkyl group, with the proviso that the organosilane RSi(OR).sub.3 having the C.sub.3-C.sub.6 straight-chained, branched or cyclic alkyl group hydrolyzes in the aqueous antimicrobial coating composition to RSi(OH).sub.3.

The present application relates to aqueous compositions for controlling a plant disease caused by a phytopathogenic organism, to methods of preparing such compositions and to uses of such compositions, for example for controlling a plant disease caused by a phytopathogenic organism. The aqueous compositions comprise copper ions, phosphorous acid and/or a salt thereof and an effective amount of an amine selected from an alkylamine, an alkanolamine and mixtures thereof. The pH of the compositions is from about 6 to about 10.

The present application relates to aqueous compositions for controlling a plant disease caused by a phytopathogenic organism, to methods of preparing such compositions and to uses of such compositions, for example for controlling a plant disease caused by a phytopathogenic organism. The aqueous compositions comprise copper ions, phosphorous acid and/or a salt thereof and an effective amount of an amine selected from an alkylamine, an alkanolamine and mixtures thereof. The pH of the compositions is from about 6 to about 10.

Provided herein are rapid, large-scale screening methods for identifying metal-biocide combinations that are synergistically effective to kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms. Also provided herein are novel, synergistically antimicrobial metal-biocide combinations and uses of such compositions to curb or slow microbial growth.

Provided herein are rapid, large-scale screening methods for identifying metal-biocide combinations that are synergistically effective to kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms. Also provided herein are novel, synergistically antimicrobial metal-biocide combinations and uses of such compositions to curb or slow microbial growth.

An emulsifiable concentrate comprising a benzoic acid herbicide in acid form dissolved in an amide solvent and an amide solvent and an amine emulsion stabiliser. Preferably: the benzoic acid herbicide is selected from TBA, chloramben and dicamba acid, the amine is of the formula (I) NR.sup.1R.sup.2R.sup.3 where wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are independently selected from the group selected from hydrogen; C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alkyl; C.sub.5 or C.sub.6 cycloaliphatic optionally substituted with from one to four C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl groups and/or an amino-C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl group; C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alkyl substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alkoxy, amino, (C.sub.1 to C.sub.5 alkyl)amino and di-(C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl)amino; and the group wherein two of R.sub.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together form a ring of 5 or 6 constituent ring members selected from methylene, O, N(H) and N(C.sub.1 to C.sub.6-alkyl) and the other of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is selected from hydrogen, C.sub.1 to C.sub.5 alkyl and C.sub.1 to C.sub.5 alkyl substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.5 alkoxy, amino and (C.sub.1 to C.sub.5 alkyl)amino; and wherein at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is other than hydrogen, and the amide solvents are of the formula (II) R.sup.4CONR.sup.5R.sup.6 where R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and C.sub.1 to C.sub.17 hydrocarbyl, and R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are is selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 to C.sub.15 hydrocarbyl and may together from a ring incorporating the nitrogen of the amide comprising 4 or 5 methylene groups.

An emulsifiable concentrate comprising a benzoic acid herbicide in acid form dissolved in an amide solvent and an amide solvent and an amine emulsion stabiliser. Preferably: the benzoic acid herbicide is selected from TBA, chloramben and dicamba acid, the amine is of the formula (I) NR.sup.1R.sup.2R.sup.3 where wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are independently selected from the group selected from hydrogen; C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alkyl; C.sub.5 or C.sub.6 cycloaliphatic optionally substituted with from one to four C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl groups and/or an amino-C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl group; C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alkyl substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alkoxy, amino, (C.sub.1 to C.sub.5 alkyl)amino and di-(C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl)amino; and the group wherein two of R.sub.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together form a ring of 5 or 6 constituent ring members selected from methylene, O, N(H) and N(C.sub.1 to C.sub.6-alkyl) and the other of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is selected from hydrogen, C.sub.1 to C.sub.5 alkyl and C.sub.1 to C.sub.5 alkyl substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.5 alkoxy, amino and (C.sub.1 to C.sub.5 alkyl)amino; and wherein at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is other than hydrogen, and the amide solvents are of the formula (II) R.sup.4CONR.sup.5R.sup.6 where R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and C.sub.1 to C.sub.17 hydrocarbyl, and R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are is selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 to C.sub.15 hydrocarbyl and may together from a ring incorporating the nitrogen of the amide comprising 4 or 5 methylene groups.

An emulsifiable concentrate comprising a benzoic acid herbicide in acid form dissolved in an amide solvent and an amide solvent and an amine emulsion stabiliser. Preferably: the benzoic acid herbicide is selected from TBA, chloramben and dicamba acid, the amine is of the formula (I) NR.sup.1R.sup.2R.sup.3 where wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are independently selected from the group selected from hydrogen; C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alkyl; C.sub.5 or C.sub.6 cycloaliphatic optionally substituted with from one to four C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl groups and/or an amino-C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl group; C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alkyl substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alkoxy, amino, (C.sub.1 to C.sub.5 alkyl)amino and di-(C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl)amino; and the group wherein two of R.sub.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together form a ring of 5 or 6 constituent ring members selected from methylene, O, N(H) and N(C.sub.1 to C.sub.6-alkyl) and the other of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is selected from hydrogen, C.sub.1 to C.sub.5 alkyl and C.sub.1 to C.sub.5 alkyl substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.5 alkoxy, amino and (C.sub.1 to C.sub.5 alkyl)amino; and wherein at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is other than hydrogen, and the amide solvents are of the formula (II) R.sup.4CONR.sup.5R.sup.6 where R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and C.sub.1 to C.sub.17 hydrocarbyl, and R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are is selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 to C.sub.15 hydrocarbyl and may together from a ring incorporating the nitrogen of the amide comprising 4 or 5 methylene groups.

Disclosed herein are novel peptides that can comprise antimicrobial, antiviral, antifungal or antitumor activity when administered to a subject.

Disclosed herein are novel peptides that can comprise antimicrobial, antiviral, antifungal or antitumor activity when administered to a subject.