Disclosed herein are compositions to use in biofouling-resistant coatings, biofouling-resistant coatings, methods of making biofouling-resistant coatings, biofouling-resistant devices, and methods of making biofouling-resistant devices.

A method of preparing a modified-metal surface. The method includes preparing a solution of a phosphorous-based acid in a solvent; immersing a strip of the metal work piece into the solution of the phosphorous-based acid; immersing a strip of a reference metal into the solution of the phosphorous-based acid; supplying a voltage for a duration of time to prepare a phosphorous acid-modified metal work piece; removing the phosphorous acid-modified metal work piece; cleaning and drying the phosphorous acid-modified metal work piece; applying a chitosan solution to the surface in order to attach chitosan/modified chitosan to the phosphorous acid based modified surface; prepare the modified-metal surface; and cleaning and drying the modified-metal surface.

A method of preparing a modified-metal surface. The method includes preparing a solution of a phosphorous-based acid in a solvent; immersing a strip of the metal work piece into the solution of the phosphorous-based acid; immersing a strip of a reference metal into the solution of the phosphorous-based acid; supplying a voltage for a duration of time to prepare a phosphorous acid-modified metal work piece; removing the phosphorous acid-modified metal work piece; cleaning and drying the phosphorous acid-modified metal work piece; applying a chitosan solution to the surface in order to attach chitosan/modified chitosan to the phosphorous acid based modified surface; prepare the modified-metal surface; and cleaning and drying the modified-metal surface.

The present invention is related to the field of liquid disinfectant formulas, specifically with obtaining disinfectant compositions applicable to hard and smooth surfaces, porous surfaces and for human use; particularly with disinfectant compositions that allow the surface or surfaces where it is applied, a disinfection with a prolonged effect, for periods greater than 24 hours. More particularly with the use of long-lasting disinfectant compounds, some of them approved by international agencies such as the EPA, and which are also approved by the FDA for cosmetic use due to their low or null toxicity. More particularly, the present invention relates to the formulation of said compositions.

The present invention is related to the field of liquid disinfectant formulas, specifically with obtaining disinfectant compositions applicable to hard and smooth surfaces, porous surfaces and for human use; particularly with disinfectant compositions that allow the surface or surfaces where it is applied, a disinfection with a prolonged effect, for periods greater than 24 hours. More particularly with the use of long-lasting disinfectant compounds, some of them approved by international agencies such as the EPA, and which are also approved by the FDA for cosmetic use due to their low or null toxicity. More particularly, the present invention relates to the formulation of said compositions.

The present invention is related to the field of liquid disinfectant formulas, specifically with obtaining disinfectant compositions applicable to hard and smooth surfaces, porous surfaces and for human use; particularly with disinfectant compositions that allow the surface or surfaces where it is applied, a disinfection with a prolonged effect, for periods greater than 24 hours. More particularly with the use of long-lasting disinfectant compounds, some of them approved by international agencies such as the EPA, and which are also approved by the FDA for cosmetic use due to their low or null toxicity. More particularly, the present invention relates to the formulation of said compositions.

A no-rinse freshening composition for treating an inanimate surface or article is described. The freshening composition includes: at least 85% by weight of the freshening composition of water; a carboxylic acid; a salt of citric acid; and a mixture of first and second antimicrobial agents, wherein each of the first and second antimicrobial agents is according to Formula (I). The composition has a neat pH of from 3 to 6 at room temperature and a weight ratio of the total amount of the carboxylic acid and the salt of citric acid to the mixture of the first and second antimicrobial agents is from 1:1 to 10:1.

A no-rinse freshening composition for treating an inanimate surface or article is described. The freshening composition includes: at least 85% by weight of the freshening composition of water; a carboxylic acid; a salt of citric acid; and a mixture of first and second antimicrobial agents, wherein each of the first and second antimicrobial agents is according to Formula (I). The composition has a neat pH of from 3 to 6 at room temperature and a weight ratio of the total amount of the carboxylic acid and the salt of citric acid to the mixture of the first and second antimicrobial agents is from 1:1 to 10:1.

A no-rinse freshening composition for treating an inanimate surface or article is described. The freshening composition includes: at least 85% by weight of the freshening composition of water; a carboxylic acid; a salt of citric acid; and a mixture of first and second antimicrobial agents, wherein each of the first and second antimicrobial agents is according to Formula (I). The composition has a neat pH of from 3 to 6 at room temperature and a weight ratio of the total amount of the carboxylic acid and the salt of citric acid to the mixture of the first and second antimicrobial agents is from 1:1 to 10:1.

The invention relates to a composition for enhancing plant growth. The composition includes auxin, cytokinin, choline chloride, and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). The invention also relates to a method for enhancing plant growth.