Polymers containing nitrogen-halogen covalent bonds, i.e., N-halamine polymers, are provided for use in water treatment by reducing or removing microbes and toxic chemicals. Polymers containing one or more amide groups, guanidino groups, or groups derived from urethane or urea, are directly halogenated. The hydrolysis of N-halamine bonds is closely monitored by the presence of different electron-donating or electron-withdrawing groups adjacent to the nitrogen(s) of the N-halamine groups, and the resultant polymer can be facilely reloaded with halogen. Released halogen is in the form of an oxidative halogen or a hypohalous acid, in an effective amount and in an extended period of time, to significantly reduce the amount of a wide range of microbes including Escherichia coli and bacteriophage MS2 in contaminated water. Sponges, beads, resins, gel, and membranes made from these polymers are used in water treatment.

Polymers containing nitrogen-halogen covalent bonds, i.e., N-halamine polymers, are provided for use in water treatment by reducing or removing microbes and toxic chemicals. Polymers containing one or more amide groups, guanidino groups, or groups derived from urethane or urea, are directly halogenated. The hydrolysis of N-halamine bonds is closely monitored by the presence of different electron-donating or electron-withdrawing groups adjacent to the nitrogen(s) of the N-halamine groups, and the resultant polymer can be facilely reloaded with halogen. Released halogen is in the form of an oxidative halogen or a hypohalous acid, in an effective amount and in an extended period of time, to significantly reduce the amount of a wide range of microbes including Escherichia coli and bacteriophage MS2 in contaminated water. Sponges, beads, resins, gel, and membranes made from these polymers are used in water treatment.

The invention relates to compounds of formula (I), and their use as herbicides. In said formula, R.sup.1 to R.sup.8 represent groups such as hydrogen, halo-gen or organic groups such as alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, or alkoxy; W.sup.1 and W.sup.2 are CR.sup.9R.sup.10, C(O), O, X is a bond or a divalent unit; Y is hydrogen, cyano, hydroxyl or a linear or cyclic organic group. The invention further refers to a composition comprising such compound and to the use thereof for controlling unwanted vegetation.

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The invention relates to compounds of formula (I), and their use as herbicides. In said formula, R.sup.1 to R.sup.8 represent groups such as hydrogen, halo-gen or organic groups such as alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, or alkoxy; W.sup.1 and W.sup.2 are CR.sup.9R.sup.10, C(O), O, X is a bond or a divalent unit; Y is hydrogen, cyano, hydroxyl or a linear or cyclic organic group. The invention further refers to a composition comprising such compound and to the use thereof for controlling unwanted vegetation.

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The present application relates to a nanoparticle compositions and methods for targeted delivery of a bioactive agent to a plant. In one embodiment, the nanoparticle composition includes a coronatine-coated nanoparticle formulated to deliver one or more bioactive agent through plant stomata. A variety of bioactive agents may be included in the nanoparticles, including one or more bactericides, fungicides, insecticides, acaricides, miticides, nemanticides, molluscicides, herbicides, plant nutrients, fertilizers, plant growth regulators, or combinations thereof.

The present application relates to a nanoparticle compositions and methods for targeted delivery of a bioactive agent to a plant. In one embodiment, the nanoparticle composition includes a coronatine-coated nanoparticle formulated to deliver one or more bioactive agent through plant stomata. A variety of bioactive agents may be included in the nanoparticles, including one or more bactericides, fungicides, insecticides, acaricides, miticides, nemanticides, molluscicides, herbicides, plant nutrients, fertilizers, plant growth regulators, or combinations thereof.

The present invention relates to novel pesticidally and/or herbicidally active compounds, agrochemical composition thereof, methods of preparation thereof, and uses thereof for controlling the growth of undesirable plants (e.g., weeds), for example in crop fields.

The present invention relates to novel pesticidally and/or herbicidally active compounds, agrochemical composition thereof, methods of preparation thereof, and uses thereof for controlling the growth of undesirable plants (e.g., weeds), for example in crop fields.

Disclosed herein are the methods of using specific di-cationic or multiple charged cationic compounds, which are derived from primary amine or polyamines through an aza-Michael addition with an ?, ?-unsaturated carbonyl compound or from polyamines through both an aza-Michael addition with an ?, ?-unsaturated carbonyl compound and a ring-opening reaction with an epoxide, in a fouling control composition to reduce microbial and/biofilm growth in a water system. The disclosed methods or compositions are found to be more effective than those methods or compositions including commonly used single quaternary compounds for reducing microbial or biofilm growth in water systems.

Disclosed herein are the methods of using specific di-cationic or multiple charged cationic compounds, which are derived from primary amine or polyamines through an aza-Michael addition with an ?, ?-unsaturated carbonyl compound or from polyamines through both an aza-Michael addition with an ?, ?-unsaturated carbonyl compound and a ring-opening reaction with an epoxide, in a fouling control composition to reduce microbial and/biofilm growth in a water system. The disclosed methods or compositions are found to be more effective than those methods or compositions including commonly used single quaternary compounds for reducing microbial or biofilm growth in water systems.