The present invention relates to pyrimidinium compounds of formula (I), to the stereoisomers, salts, tautomers and N-oxides thereof, their mixtures and to compositions comprising such compounds or mixtures. The invention also relates to methods and uses of these pyrimidinium compounds and of compositions thereof, for combating and controlling animal pests. Furthermore, the invention relates also to pesticidal methods of applying such substituted pyrimidinium compounds.

The pyrimidinium compounds of the present invention are defined by the following general formula (I):

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and Het are defined as in the description.

Compositions and methods for increasing the efficacy of pesticidal compositions are described herein, including synergistic pesticidal compositions comprising a pesticidal active ingredient and a C4-C10 saturated or unsaturated aliphatic acid or an agriculturally compatible salt thereof and methods for delivery of said pesticidal compositions. Some pesticidal compositions and methods as described are directed to compositions and methods for increasing the efficacy of fungicides. Some pesticidal compositions and methods as described are directed to compositions and methods for increasing the efficacy of nematicides. Some pesticidal compositions and methods as described are directed to compositions and methods for increasing the efficacy of insecticides. Methods for enhancing the activity pesticidal active ingredients in pesticidal compositions in use are also described.

Suggested is a synergistic antimicrobial mixture comprising a hydroxyacetophenone and one additional antimicrobial agent. The mixture is particular useful for fighting Aspergillus brasiliensis.

Suggested is a synergistic antimicrobial mixture comprising a hydroxyacetophenone and one additional antimicrobial agent. The mixture is particular useful for fighting Aspergillus brasiliensis.

Antimicrobial compositions and methods for inhibiting microbial growth are disclosed. The antimicrobial compositions can include an antimicrobial agent that includes a dihydroxamic acid having a carbon chain length less than or equal to 7.

Antimicrobial compositions and methods for inhibiting microbial growth are disclosed. The antimicrobial compositions can include an antimicrobial agent that includes a dihydroxamic acid having a carbon chain length less than or equal to 7.

The present disclosure relates generally to therapeutic agents that may be useful as inhibitors of Integrated Stress Response (ISR) pathway.

Disclosed herein are the methods of using specific di-cationic or multiple charged cationic compounds, which are derived from primary amine or polyamines through an aza-Michael addition with an α, β-unsaturated carbonyl compound or from polyamines through both an aza-Michael addition with an α, β-unsaturated carbonyl compound and a ring-opening reaction with an epoxide, in a fouling control composition to reduce microbial and/biofilm growth in a water system. The disclosed methods or compositions are found to be more effective than those methods or compositions including commonly used single quaternary compounds for reducing microbial or biofilm growth in water systems.

Disclosed herein are the methods of using specific di-cationic or multiple charged cationic compounds, which are derived from primary amine or polyamines through an aza-Michael addition with an α, β-unsaturated carbonyl compound or from polyamines through both an aza-Michael addition with an α, β-unsaturated carbonyl compound and a ring-opening reaction with an epoxide, in a fouling control composition to reduce microbial and/biofilm growth in a water system. The disclosed methods or compositions are found to be more effective than those methods or compositions including commonly used single quaternary compounds for reducing microbial or biofilm growth in water systems.

The present invention relates to herbicidal mixture comprising L-glufosinate or its salt and a herbicidal compound II selected from chlorthiamid, dichlobenil, flupoxam, indaziflam, isoxaben, triaziflam, 1-cyclohexyl-5-pentafluorphenyloxy-14-[1,2,4,6]thiatriazin-3-ylamine (CAS 175899-01-1), diflufenzopyr, diflufenzopyr-sodium, naptalam and naptalam-sodium, bromobutide, chlorflurenol, chlorflurenol-methyl, cinmethylin, cumyluron, cyclopyrimorate (CAS 499223-49-3) and its salts and esters, dalapon, dazomet, difenzoquat, difenzoquat-metilsulfate, dimethipin, DSMA, dymron, endothal and its salts, etobenzanid, flurenol, flurenol-butyl, flurprimidol, fosamine, fosamine-ammonium, indanofan, maleic hydrazide, mefluidide, metam, methiozolin (CAS 403640-27-7), methyl azide, methyl bromide, methyl-dymron, methyl iodide, MSMA, oleic acid, oxaziclomefone, pelargonic acid, pyributicarb, quinoclamine, tridiphane; bilanaphos (bialaphos) and bilanaphos-sodium. The invention furthermore relates to a method for controlling undesirable vegetation in burndown programs, in industrial vegetation management and forestry, in vegetable and perennial crops and in turf and lawn.