Compounds having antibacterial activity are disclosed. The compounds have the following structure (I): ##STR00001##
including stereoisomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts and prodrugs thereof, wherein Q.sub.1, Q.sub.2, Q.sub.3, R.sub.11 and R.sub.12 are as defined herein. Methods associated with preparation and use of such compounds, as well as pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds, are also disclosed.

Provided herein are stereoisomerically pure ester and carbonate analogues of nicotinamide riboside and nicotinamide riboside hydride, and pharmaceutical compositions and uses thereof. The stereoisomerically pure ester and carbonate analogues of nicotinamide riboside and nicotinamide riboside hydride may be used to treat a disease or disorder that would benefit from increased NAD levels including a mitochondrial disease or disorder, insulin resistance, a metabolic syndrome, diabetes, obesity, for increasing insulin sensitivity in a subject, or to treat or prevent a skin condition. The compounds have general formulas (I) or (II): ##STR00001##
wherein R.sub.1 is C(O)X(C.sub.2-C.sub.18 straight chain or branched) alkyl or C(O)X(C.sub.2-C.sub.18 straight chain or branched) alkenyl; each R.sub.2 is independently selected from hydrogen, and a C(O)X(C.sub.1-C.sub.18 straight chain or branched) alkyl or a C(O)X(C.sub.2-C.sub.18 straight chain or branched) alkenyl; and X is a covalent bond or O.

Sialic acid derivatives of the formula (I) ##STR00001##

The invention relates to a new combination of hyaluronic acid and macrogol, pharmaceutical compositions containing said combination and the use of the combination and compositions as laxatives.

Disclosed are methods of reducing the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis in an infant, toddler, or child using nutritional compositions including human milk oligosaccharides. The nutritional compositions including the human milk oligosaccharides are effective in reducing inflammation and the incidence of inflammatory diseases.

The present invention is directed to compounds, compositions and methods for treating or preventing Zika virus. The compounds include pyrimidine and purine nucleosides and prodrugs thereof, including certain N.sup.4-hydroxycytidine nucleoside derivatives, sulfasalazine, and various entry inhibitors.

The present invention relates to a compound of Formula (I), or a stereoisomer, solvate, tautomer or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein X, W.sub.1, W.sub.2, Y, Z, R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are as defined in the disclosure herein, for use in therapy, particularly for use in the treatment of cancer. The present invention also relates to methods of treating cancer comprising the administration of a compound of Formula (I) to a subject in need thereof, and to pharmaceutical compositions and kits comprising such compounds. ##STR00001##

An object of the present invention is to provide a new means for treating or ameliorating a blood cancer patient, wherein the new means has high effect and few side effects. The present invention relates to a combined medicine for use in a method for treating or ameliorating a blood cancer patient, comprising 4-amino-1-(2-cyano-2-deoxy-?-D-arabinofuranosyl)-2(1H)-pyrimidinone or a salt thereof and venetoclax or a salt thereof.

Provided are methods for treating cancer in a patient by administering at least one antibiotic selected from the group consisting of clofazimine, rifabutin and clarithromycin, in combination with an aryladamantane compound. In an embodiment, the aryladamantane compound is [3-(4-chlorophenyl)-adamantane-1-carboxylic acid (pyridin-4-ylmethyl)amide], or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Provided herein are prodrug compounds, their preparation and their uses, such as treating liver diseases or nonliver diseases via intervening in molecular pathways in the liver. Novel prodrug compounds of acid/alcohol derivatives such as phosphates, phosphonates, phosphonamidates, phosphoramidates, carboxylates, phenolates, and alkoxylates, their preparation and their uses are described. Some of the novel prodrug compounds described herein do not generate a vinyl keto reactive intermediate in the activation process. Another aspect includes the use of prodrugs to treat diseases that benefit from enhanced drug distribution to the liver and like tissues and cells.