Disclosed are compounds of Formula 1, including all stereoisomers, N-oxides, and salts thereof, wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, J.sup.2, Q.sup.1, Q.sup.2, T and Y are as defined in the disclosure. Also disclosed are compositions containing the compounds, N-oxides and salts, and methods for controlling undesired vegetation comprising contacting the undesired vegetation or its environment with an effective amount of a compound, N-oxide, salt or composition. ##STR00001##

A protein product capable of immobilizing a target and being cleared as required includes a protein (lysozyme, bovine serum albumin (BSA), whey albumin, insulin, α-lactalbumin, fibrinogen, ribonuclease A, cytochrome c, α-amylase, horseradish peroxidase (HRP), pepsin, myoglobin, collagen, keratin, or the like), a protein modifier (a strong oxidizing agent or a strong reducing agent), and a matter to be immobilized (a coating, a pesticide, a chemical fertilizer, a cosmetic, a medical drug, or the like). A protein film can be generated through the phase transition of the protein to immobilize the matter to be immobilized on a target surface, thereby improving the utilization rate of the matter to be immobilized and reducing the resource waste and environmental pollution caused by the loss of the matter to be immobilized. In addition, after the protein film is decomposed, the matter to be immobilized will also be effectively cleared.

A protein product capable of immobilizing a target and being cleared as required includes a protein (lysozyme, bovine serum albumin (BSA), whey albumin, insulin, α-lactalbumin, fibrinogen, ribonuclease A, cytochrome c, α-amylase, horseradish peroxidase (HRP), pepsin, myoglobin, collagen, keratin, or the like), a protein modifier (a strong oxidizing agent or a strong reducing agent), and a matter to be immobilized (a coating, a pesticide, a chemical fertilizer, a cosmetic, a medical drug, or the like). A protein film can be generated through the phase transition of the protein to immobilize the matter to be immobilized on a target surface, thereby improving the utilization rate of the matter to be immobilized and reducing the resource waste and environmental pollution caused by the loss of the matter to be immobilized. In addition, after the protein film is decomposed, the matter to be immobilized will also be effectively cleared.

Certain embodiments of the invention provide a method of inhibiting Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) growth and/or treating a CLas infection (e.g., Huanglongbing) in a plant, comprising introducing to the plant at least one compound selected from the group consisting of: a cladosporol compound, a radicinin compound (e.g., a compound of formula (I)), and an epicoccamide compound, or a salt thereof. This present invention also provides methods of screening or identifying CLas inhibitory compounds.

##STR00001##

Certain embodiments of the invention provide a method of inhibiting Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) growth and/or treating a CLas infection (e.g., Huanglongbing) in a plant, comprising introducing to the plant at least one compound selected from the group consisting of: a cladosporol compound, a radicinin compound (e.g., a compound of formula (I)), and an epicoccamide compound, or a salt thereof. This present invention also provides methods of screening or identifying CLas inhibitory compounds.

##STR00001##

Provided herein are agricultural compositions, kits, and methods for improving crop productivity and enhancing plant phenotypes. Generally, the compositions and kits comprise an osmoprotectant and one or both of an anti-desiccant and an anti-respirant. Additional compositions and kits are provided that comprise an anti-dessicant and an anti-respirant. Further compositions and kits are provided that comprise a first osmoprotectant and a second osmoprotectant, the first and second osmoprotectants being different from one another. The methods provided herein generally comprise exogenously applying the agricultural composition to a plant.

Provided herein are agricultural compositions, kits, and methods for improving crop productivity and enhancing plant phenotypes. Generally, the compositions and kits comprise an osmoprotectant and one or both of an anti-desiccant and an anti-respirant. Additional compositions and kits are provided that comprise an anti-dessicant and an anti-respirant. Further compositions and kits are provided that comprise a first osmoprotectant and a second osmoprotectant, the first and second osmoprotectants being different from one another. The methods provided herein generally comprise exogenously applying the agricultural composition to a plant.

Provided herein are agricultural compositions, kits, and methods for improving crop productivity and enhancing plant phenotypes. Generally, the compositions and kits comprise an osmoprotectant and one or both of an anti-desiccant and an anti-respirant. Additional compositions and kits are provided that comprise an anti-dessicant and an anti-respirant. Further compositions and kits are provided that comprise a first osmoprotectant and a second osmoprotectant, the first and second osmoprotectants being different from one another. The methods provided herein generally comprise exogenously applying the agricultural composition to a plant.

The invention relates to pyrrolone compounds of the formula (I) ##STR00001##
wherein X, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.a, R.sup.b, R.sup.c and R.sup.d are as defined in the specification. Furthermore, the present invention relates to processes and intermediates for making compounds of formula (I), to herbicidal compositions comprising these compounds and to methods of using these compounds to control plant growth.

Synergistic compositions comprising: one component (A), consisting of the compound having formula (I) 3-difluoromethyl-N-(7-fluoro-1,1,3-trimethyl-4-indanyl)-1-methyl-4-pyrazolecarboxamide ##STR00001##
one or more components (B) having a fungicidal or insecticidal activity, and their use for the control of of harmful insects in agrarian crops.