Methods of protecting a surface include applying an inner polymer layer onto a surface. The inner polymer layer is impregnated with a biologically active chemical substance that protects the surface from biofouling-induced chemical, biological, and bio-proliferative damage. The inner polymer layer is an epoxy polymer. An outer polymer layer is applied onto the inner polymer layer. The outer polymer layer is impregnated with a biologically active chemical substance that protects the inner polymer layer from biofouling-induced chemical, biological, and bio-proliferative damage. The outer polymer layer is selected from the group consisting of polyurethanes and fluorourethanes.

An alkene-containing carboxylic ester compound of formula (I) and its agriculturally acceptable salt can be used as a herbicide.

##STR00001##

The use of a composition as antiviral and/or antimicrobial agent, wherein the composition includes at least a positively charged natural or unnatural amino acid, an organic acid, a cationic polymer and a zwitterionic surfactant.

The use of a composition as antiviral and/or antimicrobial agent, wherein the composition includes at least a positively charged natural or unnatural amino acid, an organic acid, a cationic polymer and a zwitterionic surfactant.

The use of a composition as antiviral and/or antimicrobial agent, wherein the composition includes at least a positively charged natural or unnatural amino acid, an organic acid, a cationic polymer and a zwitterionic surfactant.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method which does not have a problem with safety and enables controlling various pests even at a low dosage, and a pest control agent composition and a pest control agent set which are suitable to be used for the method. In the pest control method of the present invention, at least one compound selected from a compound of formula (I) (wherein, in formula (I), R.sup.1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted C1-6 alkylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-6 alkylsulfinyl group, or the like, R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted C1-6 alkyl group, R represents a C1-6 haloalkyl group or a C2-6 haloalkenyl group, X represents a substituted or unsubstituted C1-6 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-6 alkenyl group, or the like, n represents any integer of 0 to 4, and Xs are the same or different when n is 2 or more) and a salt thereof is applied with an insecticidal or acaricidal active component to an object.

##STR00001##

An object of the present invention is to provide a method which does not have a problem with safety and enables controlling various pests even at a low dosage, and a pest control agent composition and a pest control agent set which are suitable to be used for the method. In the pest control method of the present invention, at least one compound selected from a compound of formula (I) (wherein, in formula (I), R.sup.1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted C1-6 alkylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-6 alkylsulfinyl group, or the like, R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted C1-6 alkyl group, R represents a C1-6 haloalkyl group or a C2-6 haloalkenyl group, X represents a substituted or unsubstituted C1-6 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-6 alkenyl group, or the like, n represents any integer of 0 to 4, and Xs are the same or different when n is 2 or more) and a salt thereof is applied with an insecticidal or acaricidal active component to an object.

##STR00001##

An object of the present invention is to provide a method which does not have a problem with safety and enables controlling various pests even at a low dosage, and a pest control agent composition and a pest control agent set which are suitable to be used for the method. In the pest control method of the present invention, at least one compound selected from a compound of formula (I) (wherein, in formula (I), R.sup.1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted C1-6 alkylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-6 alkylsulfinyl group, or the like, R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted C1-6 alkyl group, R represents a C1-6 haloalkyl group or a C2-6 haloalkenyl group, X represents a substituted or unsubstituted C1-6 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-6 alkenyl group, or the like, n represents any integer of 0 to 4, and Xs are the same or different when n is 2 or more) and a salt thereof is applied with an insecticidal or acaricidal active component to an object.

##STR00001##

A composition suitable for control of diseases caused by phytopathogens comprising (A) a compound of formula I

##STR00001##

wherein R.sub.1 is difluoromethyl or trifluoromethyl and X is chloro, fluoro or bromo; and (B) at least one compound selected from compounds known for their fungicidal activity; and a method of controlling diseases on useful plants, especially rust diseases on soybean plants.

A composition suitable for control of diseases caused by phytopathogens comprising (A) a compound of formula I

##STR00001##

wherein R.sub.1 is difluoromethyl or trifluoromethyl and X is chloro, fluoro or bromo; and (B) at least one compound selected from compounds known for their fungicidal activity; and a method of controlling diseases on useful plants, especially rust diseases on soybean plants.