The invention provides improved methods of regenerating and using affinity chromatography resin, in particular Protein A affinity chromatography resins.

Provided herein are, inter alia, biological manufacturing and downstream purification processes.

A system for removing undesirable organic compounds so that the desirable cannabinoids, terpenes, and any other beneficial organic compounds can be easily and effectively captured is provided herein. The system makes use of diatomaceous earth filters through which a solution containing the organic compounds is rinsed with liquid non-polar solvent. The undesirable components remain in the diatomaceous while the beneficial organic compounds pass through and are collected in a liquid solution.

A process for treating a hydrocarbon stream to remove polynuclear aromatic (PNA) and heavy polynuclear aromatic (HPNA) compounds includes contacting the hydrocarbon stream with an adsorbent in an adsorption unit to adsorb the PNA and HPNA compounds onto the adsorbent to produce a treated hydrocarbon stream and regenerating the adsorbent. Regenerating the adsorbent may include contacting the adsorbent with a solvent comprising a disulfide oil, such as a disulfide oil effluent from a mercaptan oxidation unit. The solvent comprising the disulfide oil desorbs the PNA and HPNA compounds from the adsorbent into the solvent to produce a desorption effluent. The treated hydrocarbon stream can be passed to a hydrocracking unit that hydrocracks the treated hydrocarbon stream to produce a hydrocracker effluent that includes greater value petrochemical products or intermediates.

A process increases the concentration of normal paraffins in a feed stream comprising separating a naphtha feed stream into a normal paraffin rich stream and a non-normal paraffin rich stream. A naphtha feed stream may be separated into a normal paraffin stream and a non-normal paraffin stream. An isomerization feed stream may be taken from the non-normal paraffin stream and isomerized over an isomerization catalyst to convert non-normal paraffins to normal paraffins and produce an isomerization effluent stream. The isomerization effluent stream may be separated into a propane stream and a C4+ hydrocarbon stream optionally in a single column. The C4+ hydrocarbon stream may be recycled to the step of separating a naphtha feed stream.

A system for removing PFSAs and PFCAs from contaminated water using regenerable anion exchange resins includes at least one first anion exchange resin vessel which receives a flow of water contaminated with PFSAs and PFCAs. A first anion exchange resin vessel includes a first regenerable anion exchange resin therein which removes a majority of the PFSAs from the flow of water contaminated with PFSAs and PFCAs and produce a flow of water having a majority of the PFSAs removed. A second anion exchange resin vessel receives the flow of water having a majority of the PFSAs removed. The at least one second anion exchange resin vessel includes a second regenerable anion exchange resin therein which removes a majority of the PFCAs from the flow of water having a majority of PFSAs removed and produce a flow of treated water having a majority of the PFSAs and PFCAs removed.

In some aspects, the present disclosure pertains to sample treatment methods that comprise: contacting an acidic elution solution that is free of primary amine, secondary amine and thiol groups with a sorbent having bound target antibody and separating the elution solution from the sorbent, thereby releasing bound target antibody from the sorbent and forming a first collection fraction that comprises the elution solution and released target antibody; contacting the sorbent with a neutralization buffer solution that is free of primary amine, secondary amine and thiol groups and separating the neutralization buffer solution from the sorbent, thereby forming a second collection fraction that comprises the neutralization buffer solution; and forming a neutralized solution that comprises the first collection fraction and the second collection fraction. In other aspects, the present disclosure pertains to kits for performing such sample treatment methods.

Provided herein are, inter alia, biological manufacturing and downstream purification processes.

The invention discloses a separation matrix for purification of biological particles, comprising a plurality of particles having a porous core entity and a porous shell entity covering the core entity, wherein the core entity comprises at least 50 micromole/ml primary amines present on covalently attached ligands displaying at least two primary amines per ligand and the shell entity comprises less than 20 micromole/ml primary amines The invention further discloses a method of purifying biological particles and a method of manufacturing a separation matrix.

A water softener apparatus comprises two water softener tanks one of which is always operating, valves controlling the flow of water and a flow-meter, wherein, after a set volume of water has passed through one tank, water is passed through the other tank. The apparatus uses ion-exchange tanks which may be regenerated by brine when not softening hard water. The flow-meter preferably comprises an actuator which moves in a cyclic movement in response to the flow of a set quantity of water and actuates two service valves which send pressured water signals to a drain shuttle valve. The drain shuttle valve then diverts hard water from one tank to another and initiates regeneration of the first tank. A regeneration meter terminates the alternate regeneration of the two tanks. The regeneration meter is positioned in the apparatus of a point where brine for regeneration of the two water softener components is received into the apparatus.