Methods of isolating dihydrochalcone compounds of Formula (I) from Balanophora harlandii are provided herein. Compositions and consumables comprising at least one sweetener and at least one dihydrochalcone compound described herein are also provided. Methods of enhancing the sweetness of a consumable, methods of making a consumable taste more like a sucrose-sweetened consumable and methods of preparing consumables are also detailed herein.

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Described herein are systems and methods used for carrying out a two-dimensional liquid chromatography process using size exclusion chromatography as a first dimension.

Described herein are systems and methods used for carrying out a two-dimensional liquid chromatography process using size exclusion chromatography as a first dimension.

In an LC system using an ODS column (15) and UV detector (17), a cannabis-derived sample is analyzed by gradient elution using a phosphoric acid aqueous solution and phosphoric-acid-containing methanol. A control unit (3) regulates the openings of solenoid valves in a mixer (12) so that the increase rate of the mixture ratio of the phosphoric-acid-containing methanol in a second part of the analysis period is higher than in a first part. By this operation, ten active ingredients (including Total THC, Total CBI) and CEN) contained in cannabis can be satisfactorily separated within an analysis time which is equal to or even shorter than approximately 30 minutes. Each ingredient separated by the column (15) is detected by the UV detector (17). An active ingredient identification processor (22) identifies the ten active ingredients based on the retention times of the peaks on a chromatogram created from the detection signals.

A method for quantifying Hex4, lyso-GM1, Fuc-GlcNAc-Asn, or lyso-sulfatide included in cerebrospinal fluid, the method including adding an internal standard substance to a solution including the cerebrospinal fluid, submitting the solution including the cerebrospinal fluid, to which the internal standard substance has been added, to liquid chromatography to obtain an eluate, and subjecting the eluate to mass analysis.

Provided are two-dimensional chromatography systems and methods for separating and/or analyzing complex mixtures of organic compounds. In particularly, a two-dimensional reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC)—supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) system is described including a trapping column at the interface which collects the analytes eluted from the first dimension chromatography while letting the RPLC mobile phase pass through. The peaks of interest from the RPLC dimension column are effectively focused as sharp concentration pulses on the trapping column, which is subsequently injected onto the second dimension SFC column. The system can be used for simultaneous achiral and chiral analysis of pharmaceutical compounds. The first dimension RPLC separation provides the achiral purity result, and the second dimension SFC separation provides the chiral purity result (enantiomeric excess).

A chromatography analysis apparatus (30) comprises: a fractionation device (32) for receiving a sample, the fractionation device (32) defining a sample flow path that includes a guard column; and a fractionation output analyser (34), wherein a fractionation output of the guard column is provided to an input of the fractionation output analyser (34) for enabling subsequent analysis of the fractionation output by the fractionation output analyser (34).

When measuring electrophoretic mobility it is customary to apply an electric field and determine the electrophoretic velocity while minimizing all other contributions to the particle movement. A method and apparatus for the measurement of mobility while the sample is flowing is disclosed. Combined with a fractionation system, this approach further enables the direct measurement of individual species' mobility within a multi-modal sample. Other advantages of this new mobility measurement approach include the ability to easily pressurize the sample to suppress electrolysis, mitigation of oxidation-reduction effects and efficient heat dissipation.

This disclosure provides a method for converting CBD to a tetrahydrocannabinol featuring the use of cheap and non-toxic aluminum isopropoxide as a catalyst. The method comprises (a) providing a reaction mixture comprising a catalyst in an organic solvent, wherein the catalyst comprises aluminum isopropoxide; (b) adding a reagent comprising CBD to the reaction mixture; (c) mixing the reaction mixture and allowing a reaction for converting CBD to a tetrahydrocannabinol to occur for a predetermine period of time; (d) removing the catalyst by filtration upon the completion of the reaction; (e) removing the organic solvent; and (f) eluting the tetrahydrocannabinol from the organic phase.

The present technology relates to a method of analyzing a sample including an analyte. The method includes injecting the sample including the analyte into a mobile phase. The mobile phase includes a metal chelator additive having a concentration between about 1 ppm to about 10 ppm. The method also includes separating the analyte using liquid chromatography and analyzing the analyte using a mass spectrometer, an ultra-violet detector, or a combination thereof.