A synthesis method of a sulfur-containing oxazine compound is provided. First, an oxazine compound as a precursor and an elemental sulfur as a feedstock are provided. Then, the elemental sulfur reacts with the oxazine compound directly to form a sulfur-containing oxazine compound.

A synthesis method of a sulfur-containing oxazine compound is provided. First, an oxazine compound as a precursor and an elemental sulfur as a feedstock are provided. Then, the elemental sulfur reacts with the oxazine compound directly to form a sulfur-containing oxazine compound.

The invention provides a method of overcoming resistance to at least one antibiotic in a multidrug resistant bacterium, said method comprising contacting said bacterium with an alginate oligomer together with the antibiotic. The multidrug resistant bacterium may be on an animate or inanimate surface and both medical and non-medical uses and methods are provided. In one aspect the invention provides an alginate oligomer for use together with at least one antibiotic in treating a subject infected, suspected to be infected, or at risk of infection, with a multidrug resistant bacterium to overcome resistance to the antibiotic in said multidrug resistant bacterium. In another aspect the method can be used to combat contamination of a site with multidrug resistant bacteria, e.g. for disinfection and cleaning purposes.

The invention provides a method of overcoming resistance to at least one antibiotic in a multidrug resistant bacterium, said method comprising contacting said bacterium with an alginate oligomer together with the antibiotic. The multidrug resistant bacterium may be on an animate or inanimate surface and both medical and non-medical uses and methods are provided. In one aspect the invention provides an alginate oligomer for use together with at least one antibiotic in treating a subject infected, suspected to be infected, or at risk of infection, with a multidrug resistant bacterium to overcome resistance to the antibiotic in said multidrug resistant bacterium. In another aspect the method can be used to combat contamination of a site with multidrug resistant bacteria, e.g. for disinfection and cleaning purposes.

The present specification discloses honeybee repellents exhibiting repellent properties similar to 2-heptanone, compositions comprising such repellents, uses to repel a honeybee from a mammal, location, plant, structure treated of such repellents, and methods of treating a mammal, location, plant, structure by applying such repellents.

The present specification discloses honeybee repellents exhibiting repellent properties similar to 2-heptanone, compositions comprising such repellents, uses to repel a honeybee from a mammal, location, plant, structure treated of such repellents, and methods of treating a mammal, location, plant, structure by applying such repellents.

A species of Burkholderia sp with no known pathogenicity to vertebrates but with pesticidal activity (e.g., plants, insects, fungi, weeds and nematodes) is provided. Also provided are natural products derived from a culture of said species and methods of controlling pests using said natural products.

Provided are: a heterocyclic amide compound represented by formula (1); and a herbicide containing the heterocyclic amide compound. In the formula, G represents a group represented by formula (G-1) or (G-2); each of W and W.sup.1 independently represents an oxygen atom or the like; each of Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.a1 represents a phenyl group or the like; Z.sup.2 represents an aromatic heterocycle; each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represents a C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkyl group or the like; R.sub.3 represents a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkyl group or the like; and each of R.sup.4, R.sup.a4, R.sup.5, R.sup.a5, R.sup.6, R.sup.a6 and R.sup.7 independently represents a hydrogen atom or the like. ##STR00001##

Provided are: a heterocyclic amide compound represented by formula (1); and a herbicide containing the heterocyclic amide compound. In the formula, G represents a group represented by formula (G-1) or (G-2); each of W and W.sup.1 independently represents an oxygen atom or the like; each of Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.a1 represents a phenyl group or the like; Z.sup.2 represents an aromatic heterocycle; each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represents a C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkyl group or the like; R.sub.3 represents a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkyl group or the like; and each of R.sup.4, R.sup.a4, R.sup.5, R.sup.a5, R.sup.6, R.sup.a6 and R.sup.7 independently represents a hydrogen atom or the like. ##STR00001##

A species of Burkholderia sp with no known pathogenicity to vertebrates but with pesticidal activity (e.g., plants, insects, fungi, weeds and nematodes) is provided. Also provided are natural products derived from a culture of said species and methods of controlling pests using said natural products.