Air purification apparatus is provided that removes undesirable substances, such as particulate materials, malodors, viruses, bacteria, fungi, and toxins, from the air present within an enclosed environment. The apparatus is switchable between a mode in which air immediately adjacent the apparatus housing is drawn in and purified, and a mode in which air remote from the apparatus housing is drawn in from a specific point within the enclosed environment through use of an elongate duct.

Intra-nasal filter devices and methods for their manufacture and use are disclosed. An intra-nasal filter device includes: a first stage filter proximate the septum; and a second stage filter comprising a flexible material extending upwardly from the first filter stage filter; wherein the flexible material comprises: an impedance in the range of 0.02 to 0.2 cmH.sub.2O; an effective cross-sectional area in the range of 0.2 to 2 square inches; and a plurality of radially extending geometric structures disposed along an axial length of the second stage.

The present disclosure relates to a composition that includes a base layer having an outer surface and a first thickness and a material that includes a plurality of cellulose nanofibers in physical contact with the outer surface, where the composition has an average filtration efficiency of less than or equal to 90% for particles having a characteristic length between about 50 nm and about 100 μm and the composition is characterized by an average inhalation resistance of less than or equal to 35 mm H.sub.2O as measured across the first thickness and the material.

A hot-extraction paper consisting substantially of cellulose and manufacturing assistants needed in cellulose and manufacturing assistants needs in cellulose production, such as pH modifiers based on acids and/or bases, the paper comprises exclusively cellulose having fibre lengths of at least 2.0 mm on length-weighted average, more particularly at least 2.5 mm on length-weighted average, and has isotropic extension properties which are substantially equal in machine and cross directions and amount to at least 7.5%, more particularly at least 8.5%.

The present disclosure relates to an air purification filter including a substrate, and an enzyme and glycine supported on the substrate, wherein the enzyme includes at least one enzyme selected from the group consisting of β-1,3-glucanase, chitinase, lysozyme, protease, glycosidase, β-galactosidase, endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase and endolysine.

A multiple layer mask for protection against airborne hazards. An inner layer is made of cloth and an outer layer is made of washable plastic which are permanently or removably attached to each other. A vent filter is disposed within the outer layer. An intermediate layer may be disposed between the inner and outer layers. The layers of the mask help protect against virus droplets or other infectious pathogens from penetrating the mask and assists in reducing the spread of contagious viruses that are transmitted in the air through respiratory droplets. The invention affords civilians, doctors, nurses, service members, and others peace of mind that they are better protected against airborne pathogens.

Processes for increasing the viricidal activity of a fiber substrate. The fiber substrate is provided. An antiviral treatment containing a quaternary ammonium or phosphonium compound is introduced to the fiber substrate to form an antiviral substrate. The treated fiber substrate is washed and dried. The antiviral treatment may occur before or after the fiber substrate is incorporated into the HEPA filter media in a papermaking process. Also a filter made from treated fiber substrates.

Embodiments disclosed herein include a stitched filtering fabric including a barrier layer configured to inhibit air flow through the filtering fabric, a yarn stitched through and forming a plurality of stitch holes in the barrier layer, and a first yarn layer comprising interlocking loops of the yarn. The barrier layer is configured to direct air flow through the yarn within the stitched holes.

Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to coated substrates having, e.g., anti-viral properties, to articles including the coated substrates, and to processes for making such coated substrates and articles. In an embodiment, a mask for preventing infection by a virus is provided. The mask includes a coated substrate having a breathing resistance (95 L/min, EN 149:2001) of about 6 mbar or less and a water droplet absorption time of less than about 5 seconds. The coated substrate includes a non-woven fabric having a weight of about 120 g/m.sup.2 or less according to ASTM D3776, and mineral oxide particles, iron oxide particles, or both, coupled to at least a portion of the non-woven fabric.

Disclosed is a storage-type modular data center. The storage-type modular data center includes a box, a dust removing module, an evaporative cooling module, and an air supply module. The box is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet. A server is disposed between the air inlet and the air outlet. The dust removing module is disposed between the server and the air inlet. The evaporative cooling module is disposed between the server and the air inlet, and includes an evaporative media and a water sprinkling tray module. One end of the evaporative media is immersed in liquid contained in the water sprinkling tray module. The air supply module is operative to drive air to flow between the air inlet and the air outlet.