A method of manufacturing an antiviral fiber product includes impregnating a virus-inactivating agent into a cellulose-based fiber at a temperature of 120° C. to 200° C. and a pressure of 0.0098 MPa to 0.59 MPa. The virus-inactivating agent contains: an aqueous organic acid solution containing 40 wt % to 50 wt % of organic acid partially lactonizing when dissolved in water; zinc oxide nanoparticles dispersed in the aqueous organic acid solution; and zinc salt of organic acid generated by dispersion of the zinc oxide nanoparticles into the aqueous organic acid solution.

Filter media comprising non-woven fiber webs having one or more advantageous physical properties are generally described. In some embodiments, a filter media and/or non-woven fiber web described herein comprises a combination of fibers that results in enhanced physical properties. For example, the non-woven fiber web may comprise a combination of fiber types that is advantageous, such as a combination comprising fibrillated fibers, glass fibers, and/or binder fibers. In some cases, the filter media and/or non-woven fiber web comprising the combination of fibers may be formed into undulations (e.g., by a creping and/or microcreping process) to further enhance the physical properties of the filter media and/or non-woven fiber.

Filter media comprising non-woven fiber webs and having one or more advantageous structural properties are generally described. In some embodiments, a filter media and/or non-woven fiber web described herein has one or more properties that are both beneficial and easily obtainable by undulating the non-woven fiber web, such as by performing a creping procedure. This property may be characteristic of the procedure employed to form the undulations (e.g., creping and/or microcreping), or may be attainable via one or more methods of undulation.

Filter assemblies are described. In particular, filter assemblies that include a filter frame, a fire resistant filter media, and a metallic layer disposed on and covering a major surface of the filter frame are described. The filter frame is rigid and includes at least one of a polymeric material, wood, or a wood pulp material. Filter assemblies described include flammable or meltable materials yet may retain structural integrity after being exposed to flame.

Filter media including a filtration layer comprising fibers (e.g., synthetic fibers) comprising a flame retardant and related components, systems, and methods associated herewith are provided. In some embodiments, a filtration layer may include a nonwoven web (e.g., wet-laid nonwoven web) comprising fibers including a certain flame retardant that has a relatively low concentration of or is substantially free of certain undesirable and/or toxic components (e.g., halogens). In certain embodiments, the nonwoven web may also comprise a blend of fibers. For instance, in some embodiments, the nonwoven web may also comprise a blend of coarse and fine diameter synthetic fibers that impart beneficial performance properties to the filtration layer. In some embodiments, the filtration layer may be designed to have a desirable flame retardancy (e.g., F1 rating, K1 rating) and performance properties without compromising certain mechanical properties (e.g., pleatability of the media) and/or environmental attributes (e.g., relatively low toxicity). Filter media described herein may be particularly well-suited for applications that involve filtering air, though the media may also be used in other applications.

A substrate for use in a filter media including, for example, in a hydrocarbon fluid-water separation filter; methods of identifying the substrate; methods of making the substrate; methods of using the substrate; and methods of improving the roll off angle of the substrate. In some embodiments, the substrate includes a hydrophilic group-containing polymer or a hydrophilic group-containing polymer coating.

Apparatuses of electrochemical antimicrobial face masks and methods for manufacturing the same are provided. In one embodiment, an electrochemical antimicrobial face mask may include an electrochemical antimicrobial section configured to inactivate microbes that are in contact with the electrochemical antimicrobial section, and a filtration section configured to provide additional protection that prevents a user from breathing in the microbes, and where the electrochemical antimicrobial section is attached to the filtration section. The electrochemical antimicrobial section may include a galvanic corrosion cell membrane configured to generate antimicrobial agents via a galvanic electrochemical reaction, a hydrophilic antimicrobial membrane configured to inactivate microbes using the antimicrobial agents, and a regeneration pad configured to supply materials to the galvanic corrosion cell membrane for generating the antimicrobial agents.

Pelagic Sargasso seaweed masses floods Caribbean Islands and Gulf of Mexico shores. Eighty percent of those masses are water, and out of the water those masses rot fast. There was not a profitable use for them until now. Sargasso is collected, compressed and dried by the air in thin sheets or mats, locally in a low- tech process. Once the sheets and mats are dried, they are stable and light. They have many uses such as thermal and sound barriers, sound absorbers, shock absorbers, air filters, etc.

The present disclosure provides purification platforms comprising a depth filter step and/or a hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) step and/or a MM-HIC/IEX chromatography step, and are useful for providing a method of reducing a hydrolytic enzyme activity rate of a composition obtained from said purification platforms. Also disclosed herein are methods of using the purification platforms described herein and compositions obtained therefrom, such as pharmaceutical compositions.

An apparatus and methods are provided for an air filter precleaner for an open air filter box. The air filter precleaner includes a filter medium between a base and a grating that are fastened over an opening into an interior of the air filter box. The filter medium comprises a sheet of filter material having a shape and a size suitable for being supported between the base and the grating. The base is a rigid member that supports the filter medium in a sheet configuration, such that the airstream passes through the filter medium before entering the air filter box. The grating is a rigid member comprising a screen portion surrounded by a frame that is configured to be fastened onto the air filter box. The screen portion comprises a shaped lattice that allows the airstream to pass through the filter medium before entering the air filter box.