A reactive antibacterial compound is represented by the general formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein R.sub.1 represents OCN-L-NHCOOR, OCN-L-NHCONHR, OCN-L-NHCOSR, OCN-L-COOR, or OCN-L-COONHR. G1 represents OCN-M-NHCOOG, OCN-M-NHCONHG, OCN-M-NHCOSG, OCN-M-COOG, or OCN-M-COONHG. L, M, R and G independently for each occurrence represent divalent alkyl and cycloalkyl having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, optionally substituted by up to 18 heteroatoms. R.sub.4 and G.sub.4 independently for each occurrence represent a divalent alkyl and cycloalkyl having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, optionally substituted by at most 18 heteroatoms. G.sub.2 and G.sub.3 independently for each occurrence represent H, F, Cl, Br, I, OCH3, OCH2CH3, OPr, CN, SCN, NO, NO2, a monovalent unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl having from 1 to 7 carbon atoms. Z and X independently for each occurrence represent COO, SO3, or OPO2OR.sub.5. R.sub.5 represents a monovalent unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

N-(1,3,4-Oxadiazol-2-yl)arylcarboxamide derivatives of the general formula (I) are described as herbicides. ##STR00001## In this formula (I), V, X and Z represent radicals such as hydrogen, organic radicals such as alkyl, and other radicals such as halogen. A represents an oxadiazole radical. W is CY or N.

N-(1,3,4-Oxadiazol-2-yl)arylcarboxamide derivatives of the general formula (I) are described as herbicides. ##STR00001## In this formula (I), V, X and Z represent radicals such as hydrogen, organic radicals such as alkyl, and other radicals such as halogen. A represents an oxadiazole radical. W is CY or N.

An antimicrobial composition comprising a foil pouch containing water-soluble packets comprising (a) a first water-soluble package comprising C.sub.12, C.sub.14 and C.sub.16 alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, (b) a second water-soluble package comprising trichloromelamine, and (c) a third water-soluble package comprising C.sub.12, C.sub.14, C.sub.16 and C.sub.18 alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, C.sub.12 and C.sub.14 alkyl dimethyl ethylbenzyl ammonium chloride and urea.

An antimicrobial composition comprising a foil pouch containing water-soluble packets comprising (a) a first water-soluble package comprising C.sub.12, C.sub.14 and C.sub.16 alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, (b) a second water-soluble package comprising trichloromelamine, and (c) a third water-soluble package comprising C.sub.12, C.sub.14, C.sub.16 and C.sub.18 alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, C.sub.12 and C.sub.14 alkyl dimethyl ethylbenzyl ammonium chloride and urea.

A liquid nonaqueous composition is disclosed. The composition includes: a pesticide in form of suspended particles, a water soluble solvent, an inorganic thickener, and an alkoxylate. A method for the preparation of the composition is also disclosed. The method includes contacting the pesticide with the water soluble solvent, the inorganic thickener, and the alkoxylate. The method may further include contact with a block polymer surfactant and/or a nonionic cosurfactant. A method for controlling phytopathogenic fungi and/or undesired plant growth and/or undesired attack by insects or mites and/or for regulating the growth of plants, wherein the composition is allowed to act on a particular pest, their habitat or plants to be protected from the particular pest, on soil and/or on undesired plants and/or useful plants and/or their habitat.

A liquid nonaqueous composition is disclosed. The composition includes: a pesticide in form of suspended particles, a water soluble solvent, an inorganic thickener, and an alkoxylate. A method for the preparation of the composition is also disclosed. The method includes contacting the pesticide with the water soluble solvent, the inorganic thickener, and the alkoxylate. The method may further include contact with a block polymer surfactant and/or a nonionic cosurfactant. A method for controlling phytopathogenic fungi and/or undesired plant growth and/or undesired attack by insects or mites and/or for regulating the growth of plants, wherein the composition is allowed to act on a particular pest, their habitat or plants to be protected from the particular pest, on soil and/or on undesired plants and/or useful plants and/or their habitat.

The compositions and methods described herein are topically applied to the skin with negligible or no skin irritation and can direct or prevent transport through the skin. The compositions contain neat ionic liquids, optionally in combination with a drug to be delivered. In a preferred embodiment, the compositions increase transdermal transport of the drug to be delivered. In some embodiments, the compositions disrupt bacterial biofilms. This is particularly beneficial in the treatment of antibiotic resistant skin infections. In other embodiments, the compositions direct delivery within the skin. In still other embodiments, the compositions prevent transfer of substances through the stratum corneum. The disclosed compositions and methods can be tuned and modified such that they can be used to treat or prevent a variety of different diseases and disorders.

The compositions and methods described herein are topically applied to the skin with negligible or no skin irritation and can direct or prevent transport through the skin. The compositions contain neat ionic liquids, optionally in combination with a drug to be delivered. In a preferred embodiment, the compositions increase transdermal transport of the drug to be delivered. In some embodiments, the compositions disrupt bacterial biofilms. This is particularly beneficial in the treatment of antibiotic resistant skin infections. In other embodiments, the compositions direct delivery within the skin. In still other embodiments, the compositions prevent transfer of substances through the stratum corneum. The disclosed compositions and methods can be tuned and modified such that they can be used to treat or prevent a variety of different diseases and disorders.

Antimicrobial compositions including at least one acid and at least one anionic surfactant are provided. In particular, food contact antimicrobial compositions including at least one acid and at least one anionic surfactant provide efficacious virucidal activity, including against Norovirus, having acceptable use solution pH that do not require use of personal protective equipment (PPE), are surface compatible and do not leave residues on treated surfaces. Methods of cleaning a surface with the compositions are also provided and may beneficially eliminate the need to rinse the antimicrobial compositions after use.