The invention relates to quaternary ammonium multi-dentate mono-, bis-, tris- and tetrakis-phosphonate compounds, processes for preparing quaternary ammonium multi-dentate mono-, bis-, tris- and tetrakis-phosphonate compounds, antimicrobial coating compositions comprising quaternary ammonium multi-dentate mono-, bis-, tris- and tetrakis-phosphonate compounds and method of treating a surface with said compositions to provide a durable, antimicrobial-treated surface.

Methods and formulations for antimicrobial and anti-biofouling coating comprising: a hollow round colloidal structure, comprising: an active polymer shell; and an active or inert core; wherein the active polymer shell comprises one and more polymers with antimicrobial and anti-biofouling activities selected from the group consisting of polyethylenimine (PEI), functionalized chitosan (CHI), polyquaternium, poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) and polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMD); wherein the active or inert core contains one and more disinfectants, biocides, fragrances or inert solvent; and wherein the hollow round colloidal structure is stable for at least 3 months.

Methods and formulations for antimicrobial and anti-biofouling coating comprising: a hollow round colloidal structure, comprising: an active polymer shell; and an active or inert core; wherein the active polymer shell comprises one and more polymers with antimicrobial and anti-biofouling activities selected from the group consisting of polyethylenimine (PEI), functionalized chitosan (CHI), polyquaternium, poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) and polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMD); wherein the active or inert core contains one and more disinfectants, biocides, fragrances or inert solvent; and wherein the hollow round colloidal structure is stable for at least 3 months.

An agrochemical composition includes: a linear fatty acid having a C8 to C10 alkyl chain; and an additive chosen from a diluent, an alkoxylated phosphate ester surfactant, and combinations thereof, wherein the alkoxylated phosphate ester surfactant has a degree of alkoxylation of from about 10 to about 100 and is chosen from alkoxylated C12-C22 alkyl phosphate esters, alkoxylated phosphate esters formed from an alkoxylated triglyceride having at least one pendant hydroxyl group, an alkoxylated phosphate ester formed from an alkoxylated alkylamine, and combinations thereof; and wherein the diluent is chosen from C4-C10 linear or branched alcohols and their propoxylates, branched C5-C10 monocarboxylic acids, methyl and ethyl esters of linear or branched C8-C10 fatty acids, tall oil fatty acid, trialkyl C2-C8 linear or branched phosphates, aromatic solvents, mineral oils, methyl benzoate, methyl salicylate, octyl acetates, octyl lactate, alkylnitriles, and combinations thereof.

An agrochemical composition includes: a linear fatty acid having a C8 to C10 alkyl chain; and an additive chosen from a diluent, an alkoxylated phosphate ester surfactant, and combinations thereof, wherein the alkoxylated phosphate ester surfactant has a degree of alkoxylation of from about 10 to about 100 and is chosen from alkoxylated C12-C22 alkyl phosphate esters, alkoxylated phosphate esters formed from an alkoxylated triglyceride having at least one pendant hydroxyl group, an alkoxylated phosphate ester formed from an alkoxylated alkylamine, and combinations thereof; and wherein the diluent is chosen from C4-C10 linear or branched alcohols and their propoxylates, branched C5-C10 monocarboxylic acids, methyl and ethyl esters of linear or branched C8-C10 fatty acids, tall oil fatty acid, trialkyl C2-C8 linear or branched phosphates, aromatic solvents, mineral oils, methyl benzoate, methyl salicylate, octyl acetates, octyl lactate, alkylnitriles, and combinations thereof.

The invention provides a compound of formula I: ##STR00001##
wherein X, Y, Z, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and X.sup.+ have any of the values described in the specification. The compounds are useful to increase plant growth and/or to increase harvest yield.

The invention provides a compound of formula I: ##STR00001##
wherein X, Y, Z, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and X.sup.+ have any of the values described in the specification. The compounds are useful to increase plant growth and/or to increase harvest yield.

The present invention relates to novel combinations of active compounds comprising, novaluron and at least one further active compound, and to methods of controlling pests comprising applying said combinations.

The present invention relates to novel combinations of active compounds comprising, novaluron and at least one further active compound, and to methods of controlling pests comprising applying said combinations.

The present invention relates to novel combinations of active compounds comprising, novaluron and at least one further active compound, and to methods of controlling pests comprising applying said combinations.