Disclosed are polyimide blends and methods of making and using same. The disclosed polyimide blends are prepared by first blending an ionic polymer and a poly(amic acid) to form a poly(amic acid) precursor, followed by cyclization. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

Embodiments of the present disclosure feature an intrinsically microporous ladder-type Tröger's base polymer including a repeat unit based on a combination of W-shaped CANAL-type and V-shaped Tröger's base building blocks, methods of making the intrinsically microporous ladder-type Tröger's base polymer, and methods of using the intrinsically microporous ladder-type Tröger's base polymer to separate a chemical species from a fluid composition including a mixture of chemical species. Embodiments of the present disclosure further include ladder-type diamine monomers for reacting to form a Tröger's base in situ, and methods of making the ladder-type diamine monomers using catalytic arene-norbornene annulation.

A power generation system, includes: a fuel cell that includes a negative electrode and a positive electrode and is configured to generate electric power by chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen; a separator that includes an oxygen-permselective separation membrane and is configured to obtain permeated gas and non-permeated gas from mixed gas; and a positive electrode gas supply passage through which the mixed gas is supplied to the separator and the obtained permeated gas is supplied to the positive electrode. The separation membrane includes a porous support layer and a separation functional layer provided on the porous support layer. The separation functional layer contains at least one kind of chemical compound selected from the group consisting of polyamide, graphene, MOF (Metal Organic Framework), and COF (Covalent Organic Framework).

A power generation system, includes: a fuel cell that includes a negative electrode and a positive electrode and is configured to generate electric power by chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen; a separator that includes a hydrogen-permselective separation membrane and is configured to obtain permeated gas and non-permeated gas from mixed gas; and a negative electrode gas supply passage configured to supply the mixed gas containing hydrogen to the separator and supply the permeated gas obtained by the separator to the negative electrode. The separation membrane includes a porous support layer and a separation functional layer provided on the porous support layer. The separation functional layer contains at least one kind of chemical compound selected from the group consisting of polyamide, graphene, MOF (Metal Organic Framework), and COF (Covalent Organic Framework).

A power generation system, includes: a fuel cell that includes a negative electrode supplied with hydrogen-containing gas and a positive electrode supplied with oxygen-containing gas, and is configured to generate electric power by chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen; a separator that includes a hydrogen-permselective separation membrane and is configured to obtain permeated gas and non-permeated gas from mixed gas; and a circulating passage through which negative electrode-side exhaust gas of the fuel cell is sent to the separator, and through which the permeated gas is supplied to the negative electrode. The separation membrane includes a porous support layer and a separation functional layer provided on the porous support layer. The separation functional layer contains at least one kind of chemical compound selected from the group consisting of polyamide, graphene, MOF (Metal Organic Framework), and COF (Covalent Organic Framework).

In the method for decolorizing a vegetable wax, a vegetable wax raw material dissolved in an organic solvent is contacted under pressure with a nanofiltration membrane having a higher rejection for a pigment, contained in the vegetable wax raw material, than for the wax components, providing a permeate containing decolorized wax and enriching the pigment in the retentate.

In the method for decolorizing a vegetable wax, a vegetable wax raw material dissolved in an organic solvent is contacted under pressure with a nanofiltration membrane having a higher rejection for a pigment, contained in the vegetable wax raw material, than for the wax components, providing a permeate containing decolorized wax and enriching the pigment in the retentate.

A preparation method of separation membrane is provided. First, a polyimide composition including a dissolvable polyimide, a crosslinking agent and a solvent is provided. The dissolvable polyimide is represented by formula 1: ##STR00001## wherein B is a tetravalent organic group derived from a tetracarboxylic dianhydride containing aromatic group, A is a divalent organic group derived from a diamine containing aromatic group, A′ is a divalent organic group derived from a diamine containing aromatic group and carboxylic acid group, and 0.1≤X≤0.9. The crosslinking agent is an aziridine crosslinking agent, an isocyanate crosslinking agent, an epoxy crosslinking agent, a diamine crosslinking agent, or a triamine crosslinking agent. A crosslinking process is performed on the polyimide composition. The polyimide composition which has been subjected to the crosslinking process is coated on a substrate to form a polyimide membrane. A wet phase inversion process is performed on the polyimide membrane.

A preparation method of separation membrane is provided. First, a polyimide composition including a dissolvable polyimide, a crosslinking agent and a solvent is provided. The dissolvable polyimide is represented by formula 1: ##STR00001## wherein B is a tetravalent organic group derived from a tetracarboxylic dianhydride containing aromatic group, A is a divalent organic group derived from a diamine containing aromatic group, A′ is a divalent organic group derived from a diamine containing aromatic group and carboxylic acid group, and 0.1≤X≤0.9. The crosslinking agent is an aziridine crosslinking agent, an isocyanate crosslinking agent, an epoxy crosslinking agent, a diamine crosslinking agent, or a triamine crosslinking agent. A crosslinking process is performed on the polyimide composition. The polyimide composition which has been subjected to the crosslinking process is coated on a substrate to form a polyimide membrane. A wet phase inversion process is performed on the polyimide membrane.

The present disclosure provides the synthesis of an imidazolium-based functional ionic liquid copolymer (PMMA-b-PIL-R*) and a preparation method of an alloy ultra-filtration membrane. Firstly, PMMA-b-PIL-R* is prepared from methyl methacrylate (MMA) and polymerizable imidazolium-based functional ionic liquid (IL-R*) containing double bonding as the reactive monomers through sequential radical polymerization. With the use of a non-solvent induced phase separation method, PMMA-b-PIL-R* is introduced into the body of a polymeric membrane material, so as to prepare an alloy ultra-filtration membrane. A hydrogen-bond interaction is generated between the carbonyl in the molecular chain of PMMA-b-PIL-R* and the H . . . C—Cl structure in the molecular chain of the polymeric membrane material, which enhances the compatibility between the molecular chains of PMMA-b-PIL-R* and the polymeric membrane material, so that it can be stable in the ultra-filtration membrane; the imidazole groups and functional groups in the molecular chain of PMMA-b-PIL-R* can provide a good hydrophilicity.