Certain aspects of the present disclosure are related to systems and methods related to the removal of PFAS molecules. In one aspect, systems comprising a membrane separator and a foam fractionation separator are generally described. In some embodiments, the membrane separator and the foam fractionation separator are fluidically connected such that some or all of a feed comprising PFAS molecules, a surfactant, and a liquid and/or a foam fractionation separator input comprising PFAS molecules and a liquid can be processed by the membrane separator and/or the foam fractionation separator. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the PFAS molecules are removed from the feed and/or the foam fractionation separator input. In some embodiments, the surfactant is present such that some or all of the PFAS molecules are associated with micelles, which may facilitate the removal of the PFAS molecules from the feed and/or the foam fractionation separator input. In some embodiments, the membrane separator rejects PFAS molecules (e.g., associated with micelles) to a greater extent than certain dissolved ions.

A membrane including a polysulfone/polyethylene terephthalate (PSf/PET) support and an active layer on an outer surface of the PSf/PET support. The active layer comprises reacted units of a diacyl chloride compound, a tetra-amine compound, and a nanocomposite including graphitic carbon nitride and polypyrrole. The membrane of the present disclosure is self-cleaning following exposure to radiation and finds application in water decontamination and de-salination.

A membrane including a polysulfone/polyethylene terephthalate (PSf/PET) support and an active layer on an outer surface of the PSf/PET support. The active layer comprises reacted units of a diacyl chloride compound, a tetra-amine compound, and a nanocomposite including graphitic carbon nitride and polypyrrole. The membrane of the present disclosure is self-cleaning following exposure to radiation and finds application in water decontamination and de-salination.

This raw-material liquid concentration system is for use in a pharmaceutical product manufacturing process, and employs a membrane-distillation method involving: bringing a raw-material liquid containing a solvent and a solute into contact with cooling water through a membrane-distillation membrane; passing the solvent in the raw-material liquid through the membrane-distillation membrane in the form of vapor; and causing the solvent to move toward the side of the cooling water, wherein the membrane-distillation membrane is a porous membrane that has a water contact angle of at least 90 at the surface thereof, has an average pore diameter of 0.02-0.5 m, and has a porosity of 60-90%.