An apparatus and method for increasing the mass transfer of a treatment substance into a liquid flowing in a pipe in a full pipe flow regime has a diversion conduit which receives a portion of the liquid. The portion of the liquid is mixed with a treatment substance and then reintroduced into the pipe at a downstream location through an injection structure. Between the diversion conduit, on the upstream side, and the injection structure, on the downstream side, there are a plurality of flow vanes disposed circumferentially about a cylindrical inner wall of the pipe, where each flow vane extends radially inward toward a central axis of the pipe, extending into the main stream flow of the liquid. Another embodiment of the invention has a flow grid located downstream of the injection structure.

The problem to be addressed by the present invention is to provide a cleaning apparatus capable of obtaining a cleaning liquid having a high degree of cleanliness. A cleaning apparatus 10 includes a dissolution tank 20 for dissolving a gas in a liquid, a transfer pump 30 for sending the liquid together with the gas into the dissolution tank 20, and a feed nozzle 40 for feeding the liquid stored in the dissolution tank 20 to a workpiece W. The transfer pump 30 is a positive displacement pump. Portions of the dissolution tank 20, the transfer pump 30, and the feed nozzle 40 that come into contact with the liquid are made of a fluororesin.

Disclosed are methods and devices useful for aerating and or adding additives to carbon-containing aqueous waste.

Device for reintroducing vapour into a volatile liquid includes a tank for volatile liquid, a circulation pump and connected conduit for pumping liquid from the tank through a mixing zone or device for mixing vapour and liquid, and a conduit for conveying vapour from a space above the liquid level to the mixing zone or device. The mixing zone or device is arranged in a manner that ensures a pressure therein that is independent of the liquid level within the tank.

Device for reintroducing vapour into a volatile liquid includes a tank for volatile liquid, a circulation pump and connected conduit for pumping liquid from the tank through a mixing zone or device for mixing vapour and liquid, and a conduit for conveying vapour from a space above the liquid level to the mixing zone or device. The mixing zone or device is arranged in a manner that ensures a pressure therein that is independent of the liquid level within the tank.

A turbine assisted Venturi mixer has a first and second fluid channels leading to a Venturi for mixing fluids separately introduced via the channels. The mixer is assisted with a compressor powered by a turbine turned by fluid flow through the second channel and acting between the channels to pump fluid through the first channel.

A turbine assisted Venturi mixer has a first and second fluid channels leading to a Venturi for mixing fluids separately introduced via the channels. The mixer is assisted with a compressor powered by a turbine turned by fluid flow through the second channel and acting between the channels to pump fluid through the first channel.

Initial liquid containing fine bubbles is produced by mixing water and air (step S11). Fine bubbles have diameters of less than 1 m. The density of bubbles in the initial liquid is measured (step S13), and when the measured density is less than a target density (step S14), the initial liquid is heated and reduced in pressure so that the liquid is vaporized (step S15). As a volume of the liquid decreases, the density of fine bubbles increases, and high-density fine bubble-containing liquid is easily obtained. Alternatively, by increasing the density of fine bubbles in the initial liquid with using a filter that does not pass all fine bubbles, high-density fine bubble-containing liquid is easily acquired (step S15). When the density of bubbles in the initial liquid is greater than the target density, the initial liquid is diluted (step S16).

The present invention provides subsurface irrigation systems and air injection mechanism and microbubble generating mechanism. The systems of the present invention are operable to provide an evenly distributed air microbubbles in a stream of fluid (e.g., subsurface irrigation water) to evenly provide gas therein (e.g., oxygen for plants receiving the irrigation water along an entire length of an irrigation line). The microbubble generating mechanism may use pressure generated from flow of fluid to cavitate the fluid and thereby distribute gas microbubbles in the fluid. In irrigation examples, the resulting air infused water delivers an effective amount of oxygen to the roots of the irrigation crops.

Systems and methods for creating an oxidation reduction potential (ORP) in water for pathogenic control are described. The systems and methods generate an oxidation reduction potential that provides pathogenic control of the solution as well as pathogenic control of the surfaces with which the solution comes in immediate contact. The system supplies the solution to a vegetable and fruit wash.