Fixed systems and method for extinguishing large scale industrial tank fires, with and without fixed roofs, and featuring aerated foam projecting nozzles and including fixed center directed nozzles.

A system for making a personalized malt-based beverage may comprise at least one packaged base liquid and at least one separately packaged flavor ingredient. The at least one packaged base liquid may comprise at least about 0.1% wt ethyl alcohol, at least about 3% wt malt extract solids, and a carbon dioxide level between about zero grams per liter and about 1.5 grams per liter. The separately packaged flavor ingredient may comprise a dry ingredient.

Disclosed herein is a refrigerator and a control method thereof. The refrigerator includes a purified water tank to store water, a flow sensor to detect an amount of water supplied to the purified water tank, a purified water supply valve to open/close a purified water supply flow path to guide water stored in the purified water tank to the carbonated water tank, a carbonated water discharge valve to open/close a carbonated water discharge flow path to guide the carbonated water to the outside of the refrigerator, and a controller to detect a position where water leakage occurs by sequentially opening the purified water supply valve and the carbonated water discharge valve in a water leakage mode.

Beverage dispensing assembly, comprising a container (3) and a tapping apparatus (2) having a chamber (5) in which the container (3) fits and can be entered into through an opening (6) closable by a lid (7), such that the container (3) is enclosed between the lid (7) and an opposite end of a chamber (5), wherein spaced apart from the lid (7) and preferably at said opposite end of the chamber (5) a first connector (16) is provided, for feeding pressurized gas into the container (3) through a gas inlet (17) provided in the container (3), and at the side of the opening of the chamber a pressure element (19) is provided for pressing the container (3) with the gas inlet (17) onto the first connector (16).

Carbonation duct (1) for blending a gas and a beverage. The carbonation duct (1) includes a tubular structure (12) surrounding a compression structure (13), the compression structure (13) longitudinally positioned inside the tubular structure (12) and setting a pathway (14) for the flowing of the beverage along the carbonation duct (1). The compression structure (13) includes external diameters (P,C,G) sequentially defining a convergence path (8), a mixture path (19) and a slowdown path (20) along the carbonation duct (1), wherein, in the convergence path (8), the carbonation duct (1) includes a gas entry portion (9) for gas injection in the pathway (14), and the tubular structure (12) defines a turbilionating projection (10) establishing a carbonation duct (1) mixture diameter (F).

Various systems, devices, and methods of determining an amount of carbon dioxide in a gas source in a carbonation system are provided. A carbonation system is one example of a treatment system to which the systems, devices, and methods described herein apply. In general, a carbonation system can be configured to determine an amount of CO.sub.2 in a gas source, such as a CO.sub.2 canister, removably coupled to the carbonation system. The carbonation system can also be configured to provide a notification (e.g., audible alert and/or visual alert) to a user of the carbonation system indicative of the determined CO.sub.2 amount.

Various systems, devices, and methods of venting a chamber in a beverage carbonation system are provided. A carbonation system is one example of a treatment system to which the systems, devices, and methods described herein apply. In general, a carbonation system can include a venting system configured to vent a mixing chamber of the carbonation system in which a carbonated fluid is configured to be formed. The venting system can be configured to provide flow restriction configured to provide a restriction on a vent flow path through which the mixing chamber is vented.

An apparatus and method for delivering oxygen, oxygen enriched air, or air through a delivery system from one vessel containing a higher pressure concentration of the gas into another vessel containing a liquid at atmospheric pressure introduced through a diffuser or dispersion nozzle including one or more passages in a controlled regulated manner. This process and apparatus provide the liquid with an oxygenation level for improved flavor in a short amount of time.

A system is for infusing liquid with a gas to form a gas-infused beverage. The system has a tank with first and second cavities. A refrigeration circuit refrigerates the tank and the contents of the first and second cavities. The liquid is supplied to the first cavity and cooled therein by the refrigeration circuit and then supplied to the second cavity and infused with gas therein to thereby form the gas-infused beverage. The gas-infused beverage is then supplied to a beverage outlet for dispensing to a user.

A beverage making machine may employ a mixing chamber to mix a beverage medium with a precursor liquid, such as carbonated water. The mixing chamber may have a precursor liquid inlet coupled to a precursor liquid supply, a beverage medium chamber to receive a beverage medium into the beverage medium chamber, and a dispense outlet from which beverage medium and precursor liquid are dispensed, e.g., into a user's cup. The beverage medium chamber may include a chamber inlet coupled to the precursor liquid inlet, e.g., so precursor liquid can enter the chamber when a pressure is low in the beverage medium chamber, and a chamber outlet downstream of the chamber inlet that is coupled to the dispense outlet, e.g., so that beverage medium can exit the chamber.