A method of generating bubbles of a first fluid in a second fluid, the method comprising: flowing a stream of the second fluid through a microfluidic channel; injecting a stream of the first fluid into the microfluidic channel through an aperture such that bubbles of the first fluid form in the second fluid; and sonicating the microfluidic channel with ultrasound so as to cause the bubbles formed at the aperture to divide.

Provided is a method for producing a homogeneous mixture and the homogeneous mixture using the same. A method for producing a homogeneous mixture comprises stirring two liquid components being immiscible each other; mixing and homogenizing the two liquid components as a first homogenizing stage in a high pressure; applying an ultrasonic wave to the first homogenized two components as a first ultrasonic stage; regulating a weight ratio of the homogeneous components; homogenizing the regulated homogeneous components as a second homogenizing stage in a high pressure; applying an ultrasonic wave to the second homogenized components as a second ultrasonic stage; and generating a homogeneous mixture without any layer separation.

Provided in one embodiment is a method of making, comprising: exposing a raw material having a first viscosity to a first pressure and a first temperature such that the raw material after the exposure has a second viscosity, wherein the raw material comprises particles comprising at least one electrically conductive material, and wherein the second viscosity is sufficiently low for the raw material to be adapted for a hydrodynamic cavitation process; and subjecting the raw material having the second viscosity to the hydrodynamic cavitation process to make a product material having a third viscosity. Apparatus employed to apply the method and the exemplary compositions made in accordance with the method are also provided.

An apparatus and a method for treating fluids with ultrasound are provided. In order to achieve a desired effect of the treatment as efficiently as possible, the apparatus has a plurality of inlet openings for the fluids and the fluids to be brought into contact with one another while being exposed to ultrasound.

A system for minimising the formation of ice crystals in the fuel system pipework of a gas turbine engine. The system includes an ultrasonic transmitter located within a wall of a pipe in the fuel system through which fuel passes. The system also includes a controller that causes said ultrasonic transmitter to produce ultrasonic waves when the temperature of the fuel is sufficiently low for any water in the fuel to freeze, the ultrasonic waves being sufficient to break particles of ice contained in the fuel that passes through the pipe. A method of minimising the formation of ice crystals in the fuel system pipework of a gas turbine engine is also disclosed.

Provided in one embodiment is a method of making, comprising: exposing a raw material having a first viscosity to a first pressure and a first temperature such that the raw material after the exposure has a second viscosity, wherein the raw material comprises particles comprising at least one electrically conductive material, and wherein the second viscosity is sufficiently low for the raw material to be adapted for a hydrodynamic cavitation process; and subjecting the raw material having the second viscosity to the hydrodynamic cavitation process to make a product material having a third viscosity. Apparatus employed to apply the method and the exemplary compositions made in accordance with the method are also provided.

The present invention generally relates to the manipulation of fluids using acoustic waves such as surface acoustic waves. In some aspects, one fluid may be introduced into another fluid via application of suitable acoustic waves. For example, a fluid may be added or injected into another fluid by applying acoustic waves where, in the absence of the acoustic waves, the fluid cannot be added or injected, e.g., due to the interface or surface tension between the fluids. Thus, for example, a fluid may be injected into a droplet of another fluid. Other embodiments of the invention are generally directed to systems and methods for making or using such systems, kits involving such systems, or the like.

A method and apparatus for generating droplets with a high level of uniformity in liquid systems that present a low interfacial tension. This method and apparatus utilize the breakup of the dispersed phase in a controlled fashion by periodically varying the pressure that drives the fluids so as to successfully generate emulsions with a good control over the size. The method and apparatus can be used for the formation of simple emulsion or double emulsion where a larger droplet contains one or more smaller droplets.

A fluid feeder includes a fluid storage unit and a pre-treatment unit. The fluid storage unit provides a fluid flow path through which a fluid mixture of a hydrophilic fluid and a hydrophobic fluid flows. The fluid storage unit is connected through a plurality of connectors to the fluid flow path having a portion, in which an ultrasound focusing unit for focusing ultrasound to disperse and mix the fluids contained in the fluid mixture by focused ultrasound is mounted, to flow the fluid mixture in the fluid flow path and to flow the fluid mixture dispersed by the ultrasound focusing unit through the fluid flow path. In the pre-treatment unit, the fluid mixture is dispersed at micrometer scale and supplied to the fluid storage unit before the fluid mixture is stored in the fluid storage unit.

The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for producing emulsions, and more specifically to methods that use ultrasonic rotating magnetic fields for producing emulsions. The systems and/or methods described herein can be used to produce emulsions without the use of surfactant.