The present disclosure relates to a method for preparing an oil-in-water mixture having a predeterminable oil concentration which can be used as a reference mixture in the determination of oil concentrations of oil-in-water mixtures, comprising the steps of arranging at least one oil storage element in a container, feeding a predeterminable amount of a water-containing fluid into the container; and introducing ultrasonic waves into the fluid that are emitted in the direction of the oil storage element covered by the fluid, wherein the oil received in the oil storage element is released from the oil storage element by means of ultrasonic waves acting on the oil storage element and is distributed in the fluid. The present disclosure further relates to an apparatus for preparing an oil-in-water mixture.

Provided are Janus particles derived from natural starting materials, including starting materials that are plant-based and are not based on petrochemicals. Also provided are related compositions that include the disclosed particles, including emulsion compositions. Additionally provided are methods of synthesizing the disclosed Janus particles.

A droplet generating system includes a reservoir configured to receive an organic fluid and an aqueous fluid, a barrier separating the reservoir into a first reservoir portion and a second reservoir portion, a tube, and an indexer. The barrier is capable of preventing the aqueous fluid from entering the second reservoir portion from the first reservoir portion. The tube is disposed near the barrier, and the tube has a microfluidic channel. The indexer guides the aqueous fluid and the organic fluid into the microfluidic channel so as to form droplets of the aqueous fluid.

Method of analysis. In the method, a first emulsion and a second emulsion substantially separated from one another by a spacer fluid may be formed. The first emulsion, the spacer fluid, and the second emulsion may be flowed in a channel from a fluid inlet to a fluid outlet of a heating and cooling station having two or more temperature-controlled zones, such that each emulsion is thermally cycled to promote amplification of a nucleic acid target in droplets of the emulsion. Amplification data may be collected from individual droplets of each emulsion downstream of the heating and cooling station. A level of the nucleic acid target present in each emulsion may be determined based on the amplification data collected from the individual droplets of the emulsion.

A process for producing an upgraded oil blend, the process comprising the steps of introducing the combined stream to a supercritical reactor, wherein a volumetric ratio of water to oil in the combined stream is in the range between 10:1 and 2:1; reacting the combined stream in the supercritical water reactor to produce a reactor effluent, wherein the oil undergoes conversion reactions in the supercritical reactor such that the reactor effluent comprises upgraded bio-oil and upgraded heavy oil; reducing a temperature of the reactor effluent to produce a cooled effluent; operating the soaker to produce a product effluent, wherein a temperature in the soaker is between 250° C. and 350° C., wherein decarboxylation reactions occur in the soaker; and separating the product effluent in the separation unit to produce and the upgraded oil blend, wherein the upgraded oil blend comprises upgraded bio-oil and upgraded heavy oil.

Embodiments of the present application relate to commercial manufacturing processes for making bupivacaine multivesicular liposomes (MVLs) using independently operating dual tangential flow filtration modules.

A system and method for producing fine droplets of polysaccharide from a premixed water-in-oil emulsion uses a packed bed (5) comprising hydrophilic beads (7).

A method for encapsulating active ingredients in liposomes having an active ingredient solution encapsulated with a bilayer composed of two monomolecular layers of amphiphilic compounds comprises: (a) providing the active ingredient solution; (b) providing an emulsion by emulsifying the active ingredient solution in a first liquid in the presence of the amphiphilic compound; (c) providing a liquid phase; (d) contacting the emulsion with the liquid phase to form a phase boundary; and (e) centrifuging the emulsion and the liquid phase that are in contact with one another via the phase boundary, wherein, on passage of the phase boundary, the amphiphilic compound enriched there is added onto the monomolecular inner layer to form a monomolecular outer layer, in order to create the bilayer.
The first liquid of the emulsion is chosen such that the solubility of the amphiphilic compound in the first liquid is not more than 1×10.sup.−4 mol/l.

Disclosed is a system for production of a cosmetic product including: at least one first single-use packaging unit including a preset quantity of a first phase of a cosmetic product, at least one second single-use packaging unit including a preset quantity of a second phase of a cosmetic product, a machine including a mixer inside of which the mixture of the preset quantity of the first phase and the preset quantity of the second phase is done automatically in order to end up with a cosmetic product directly consumable by the end consumer. The mixing is done in a manner such that neither the first phase nor the second phase are in direct contact with any part of the mixer which is not single use, thus avoiding dirtying the mixer.

A system and method for producing an oil-in-water (“O/W”) emulsion performs or includes the steps of: a) providing an oil phase and a water phase, b) premixing the oil phase and the water phase to form an O/W pre-emulsion, and c) homogenizing the O/W pre-emulsion to form an O/W emulsion by at least one counter-jet disperser.