Systems, devices, and methods are presented for optimizing the formation of gas nanobubbles in a disinfecting solution. In an example system for treating contaminated water, a centrifugal pump draws the water from a reservoir and circulates the water in and through a circuit of elements including a mixing chamber in the pump, a pressure vessel, a backflow valve, a Venturi injector, and a pair of nozzles immersed in the reservoir. The system injects ozone-rich gas into the fluid to produce an aqueous solution containing a volume of gas nanobubbles. The nozzles release the gas nanobubbles into the reservoir, creating highly reactive compounds that destroy organic compounds and other contaminants in the water.

Ancillary embodiments and modifications to a homogenizer unit (“PPH”), and methods of use directed to purification of biogas or other raw methane streams. The apparatus includes a homogenizer body, one or more stream inlets (for the raw methane), one or more chilled water inlets, a mixing zone where the water stream is commingled with the raw methane stream, and a venturi immediately downstream from the mixing zone such that the commingled streams are pulled into the venturi resulting in homogenization. The PPH components are insulated to maintain the chilled water of the various streams at a cooled, below ambient temperature, increasing dissolution of the contaminant gases into the chilled water, and producing a purified methane stream including little or no H.sub.2S and CO.sub.2.

A powder transfer bag includes a balloon or a membrane sealing its mouth. A connector to be used with the bags allows the bag to connect to a hydration device. A method of hydrating material in a powder transfer bag is provided.

A dilution device may include a first component and a second component. The first component may define a groove including an inlet portion and an outlet portion. The second component may define an inlet in fluid communication with the inlet portion of the first component and an outlet in fluid communication with the outlet portion of the first component. Relative rotation between the first component and the second component may cause relative movement between the outlet and the outlet portion that changes the effective length of the groove fluidly coupling the inlet and the outlet of the second component. The cross-sectional area of the groove may vary along a length of the groove to provide different flow characteristics depending on the effective length of the groove.

The device is a gas-liquid mixing device having a venturi structure in which a throat portion and an enlarged diameter portion are provided in a main passage through which a liquid passes, the gas-liquid mixing device including a collision chamber provided on an outer periphery of the enlarged diameter portion, and a stirring chamber provided downstream of the enlarged diameter portion. A collision flow path communicating with the collision chamber and causing a gas-liquid to collide with an outer peripheral wall, a straight flow path through which the gas-liquid passing through a central portion of the enlarged diameter portion travels straight, and an outer ring flow path through which the gas-liquid flows from the collision chamber to the stirring chamber are formed downstream of the enlarged diameter portion. The gas-liquids from the outer ring flow path and the straight flow path are stirred in the stirring chamber.

A production apparatus for a liquid containing gas bubbles includes a casing, a pump unit, and a gas bubble-mixing unit. The casing is provided with a main flow channel for a liquid, the main flow channel having a liquid inflow port and a liquid outflow port. The pump unit is disposed in the main flow channel and pumps the liquid to the liquid outflow port from the liquid inflow port. The gas bubble-mixing unit includes a first choke portion that is disposed in the main flow channel and has an inner diameter decreased and a gas supply channel that supplies the first choke portion with a gas.

Glycine is an organic compound that can be used in the making of a synthetic acid that obviates all the drawbacks of strong acids such as hydrochloric acid. The new compound is made by dissolving glycine in water, in a weight ratio of approximately 1:1 to 1:1.5. The solution is mixed until the glycine is essentially fully dissolved in the water. Once dissolution is complete, hydrogen chloride gas is dissolved in the solution to produce the new compound, which can be referred to as hydrogen glycine. Also disclosed is a method for adjusting the pH of a fluid, the method comprising adding an effective amount of a solution to the fluid for adjusting the pH thereof to a desired level, wherein the solution is prepared by mixing glycine in water to form a glycine solution; and adding hydrogen chloride to the glycine solution.

A portable liquid filtration device includes a GPS tracking unit, a portable housing, an inlet configured to receive non-potable water, and an ozone chamber positioned within the portable housing. The ozone chamber is configured to generate an ozone gas from received air. The device also includes a filtration duct positioned within the portable housing and downstream from the inlet. The filtration duct includes at least one oxidation chamber configured to mix the received water with the ozone gas, and at least one ultraviolet (UV) chamber downstream from the at least one oxidation chamber and including a UV lamp positioned adjacent the water within the filtration duct. The device further includes an outlet positioned on the portable housing and downstream from the filtration duct. The filtration duct is operable to output at least 150 liters per hour of the received water from the outlet as potable water.

A system for producing a liquid with gas bubbles. The system has an eductor to mix a liquid stream and a gas stream to a form of a liquid-gas mixture and a mixing column with a stack of filling layers to reduce a size of gas bubbles within the liquid-gas mixture. The stack of filling layers has a plurality of porous layers separated alternately by plate layers and ring layers.

Systems, devices, and methods are presented for optimizing the formation of gas nanobubbles in a disinfecting solution. In an example system for treating contaminated water, a centrifugal pump draws the water from a reservoir and circulates the water in and through a circuit of elements including a mixing chamber in the pump, a pressure vessel, a backflow valve, a Venturi injector, and a pair of nozzles immersed in the reservoir. The system injects ozone-rich gas into the fluid to produce an aqueous solution containing a volume of gas nanobubbles. The nozzles release the gas nanobubbles into the reservoir, creating highly reactive compounds that destroy organic compounds and other contaminants in the water.