An air-stirred tank reactor (ASTR) and methods of use thereof are described herein. The ASTR is equipped with an impeller or set of impellers that mechanically mixes a liquid culture, as well as sparges gas into the liquid medium. The impeller can further have lighting sources that can illuminate the liquid culture. Unlike conventional bioreactors, the ASTR provides superior liquid mixing, efficient gas mass transfer, and a low-shear culture environment through appropriate impeller rotational speed and sparging rate.

In an embodiment, a reactor for carrying out a melt transesterification reaction at a reactor temperature of 160 to 300 C. and a reactor pressure of 5 to 200 mbar, comprises a cylindrical tank comprising a top, a side, and a bottom, wherein the bottom is convex, extending away from the top; a stirring shaft disposed within the cylindrical tank along an axis thereof so that it is rotatable from outside of the cylindrical tank; a stirring blade extending from the stirring shaft in the cylindrical tank; a reactant solution inlet located on the bottom; and a reaction solution outlet located on the bottom. The reactor can be used for the polymerization of a polycarbonate oligomer.

A mixing unit includes a mixing body having mixing elements that are stacked in a stacking direction and that extend in an extending direction in which the extending direction is perpendicular to the stacking direction. The mixing elements have a plurality of through holes to form a flow path therein, and are arranged such that part or all of the through holes in one of the mixing elements communicate with through holes in the adjacent mixing elements to allow fluid to be passed in the extending direction in which the mixing elements extend. The mixing unit may be employed in an agitation impeller or an adhesive dispensing unit.

Provided is a stirring device that allows a weight measurement during a rotation operation to be accurately performed while suppressing increase in reinforcement structures required for support of a stirring container and suppressing increase in weight. A device frame is provided with legs, a heating kettle is provided with a reinforcement base attached on the bottom side, a motor bed is provided to support a cutter/motor unit to the reinforcement base or the device frame, load cells are provided to indirectly measure a change in weight of a stirring substance in the heating kettle during a rotation operation of the cutter/motor unit, and closed reinforced structures are configured to include the heating kettle, the cutter/motor unit, the reinforcement base, and the supporting stand as reinforcing members.

The present disclosure relates to a nanobubble generation system using friction in which a frictional force is applied to bubbles included in a gas-liquid mixed fluid so that the atomization of the bubbles is induced and nanobubbles are generated. The nanobubble generation system includes: a chamber including an inlet, an outlet, and an internal space S configured to atomize bubbles included in a gas-liquid mixed fluid; one or more strikers each including a plurality of protrusions provided on a body thereof to simultaneously apply impact to the gas-liquid mixed fluid that flows into the chamber and swirl the fluid in order to cause the gas-liquid mixed fluid to rub against an inner wall of the chamber, the strikers being provided on the driving shaft; a plurality of friction elements provided on the driving shaft in order to apply frictional force to the gas-liquid mixed fluid; and a driving mechanism including the driving shaft and configured to rotate the striker and the friction elements, wherein the friction elements are arranged on the driving shaft to be spaced apart from each other at a predetermined interval, and peripheral surfaces of bodies of the friction elements directly face the inner wall of the chamber with a predetermined distance therebetween.

The present disclosure relates to a nanobubble generation system using friction in which a frictional force is applied to bubbles included in a gas-liquid mixed fluid so that the atomization of the bubbles is induced and nanobubbles are generated. The nanobubble generation system includes: a chamber including an inlet, an outlet, and an internal space S configured to atomize bubbles included in a gas-liquid mixed fluid; one or more strikers each including a plurality of protrusions provided on a body thereof to simultaneously apply impact to the gas-liquid mixed fluid that flows into the chamber and swirl the fluid in order to cause the gas-liquid mixed fluid to rub against an inner wall of the chamber, the strikers being provided on the driving shaft; a plurality of friction elements provided on the driving shaft in order to apply frictional force to the gas-liquid mixed fluid; and a driving mechanism including the driving shaft and configured to rotate the striker and the friction elements, wherein the friction elements are arranged on the driving shaft to be spaced apart from each other at a predetermined interval, and peripheral surfaces of bodies of the friction elements directly face the inner wall of the chamber with a predetermined distance therebetween.

A mixing unit includes a mixing body having mixing elements that are stacked in a stacking direction and that extend in an extending direction in which the extending direction is perpendicular to the stacking direction. The mixing elements have a plurality of through holes to form a flow path therein, and are arranged such that part or all of the through holes in one of the mixing elements communicate with through holes in the adjacent mixing elements to allow fluid to be passed in the extending direction in which the mixing elements extend. The mixing unit may be employed in an agitation impeller or an adhesive dispensing unit.

The ballast water and fish farm treatment system for circulating effluent water of a fish farm or a ship by filtering and resupplying the effluent water, the system including a heat exchange system to heat or cool the effluent water, a physical filtration unit to filter out impurities from the effluent water are discharged from the heat exchange system, and a chemical filtration unit to mix the effluent water discharged from the physical filtration unit with chlorine dioxide, wherein the effluent water discharged from the chemical filtration unit is resupplied to the fish farm or the ship. The ballast water and fish farm treatment system allows circulation water of the ship and fish farm to be reused after completely removing parasites, hazardous organisms, germs, and viruses from the circulation water using a combination of physical, chemical and physiological treatment techniques.

The ballast water and fish farm treatment system for circulating effluent water of a fish farm or a ship by filtering and resupplying the effluent water, the system including a heat exchange system to heat or cool the effluent water, a physical filtration unit to filter out impurities from the effluent water are discharged from the heat exchange system, and a chemical filtration unit to mix the effluent water discharged from the physical filtration unit with chlorine dioxide, wherein the effluent water discharged from the chemical filtration unit is resupplied to the fish farm or the ship. The ballast water and fish farm treatment system allows circulation water of the ship and fish farm to be reused after completely removing parasites, hazardous organisms, germs, and viruses from the circulation water using a combination of physical, chemical and physiological treatment techniques.

A stirring unit for stirring a fluid contained in a vessel includes a mixing body for stirring the fluid by rotating around a rotation axis, and a magnet or a magnetic substance for receiving a rotating magnetic field for rotating the mixing body, in which a suction port and a discharge port for the fluid are provided on a surface of the mixing body, a plurality of flow paths connecting the suction port and the discharge port are provided inside the mixture, the suction port is disposed at a position on the rotation axis or at a position closer to the rotation axis than the discharge port, and the discharge port is disposed at a position outside the rotation axis than the suction port.