The invention relates to Quench box assembly comprising quench pipe and quench box, to mix quench gas and vapor-liquid effluent from previous catalyst bed to achieve equilibrium temperature before entering the next bed. The quench pipe is in the form of ring having aperture while quench box consists of swirling section and a mixing chamber. The swirling section consists of inclined baffles to provide swirling action to incoming stream and the turbulence created by the swirling action increases the heat transfer rate thus requiring the smaller reactor volume to attain equilibrium temperature. The perforated plate being open from all the sides allowing the liquid to flow uniformly from all directions thus providing uniform distribution on the distributor tray. Hence, eliminates the requirement of rough liquid distributor before the distribution tray.

A mixing chamber for mixing an additive in an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine includes a housing, a flow-guiding element and a downstream substrate. The flow-guiding element is arranged within the housing between an inlet opening and an outlet opening. The flow-guiding element is tubular and forms a channel including a channel wall, one inlet and one outlet, via which all of the exhaust gas is guided through the channel to the outlet.

A worm shaft for a mixing and kneading machine in particular for continuous preparation processes, comprising a shaft rod, on the circumferential surface of which blade elements are arranged which are spaced apart from one another and which extend outward from the circumferential surface of the shaft rod, wherein the blade elements are arranged on the shaft rod, at least in one section extending in the axial direction of the worm shaft, in three rows extending in the axial direction of the worm shaft, wherein at least one of the blade elements of one of the rows is different from one of the blade elements of one of the other rows, and/or the rows of blade elements, viewed in cross-section of the shaft rod, are distributed irregularly over the circumference defined by the outer circumferential surface of the shaft rod, and wherein the angular distance between the midpoints M of the outer circumferential surfaces of the blade elements on the circumferential surface of the shaft rod of adjacent rows differs between at least two of the three rows of the at least other two rows, and including wherein, for example, each of the blade elements of the at least one section extending in the axial direction of the worm shaft has a longitudinal extension which extends in an angle of 45° to 135° to the axial direction of the worm shaft.

A carbonator reactor includes a cylindrical body, a nozzle for supplying a gas stream, inside the carbonator reactor and above the surface of a liquid phase and where the nozzle is located at the top of the reactor body, an inlet, an outlet, means for regulating the temperature and the pressure, a stirring system and at least one baffle regulating the stirring of the liquid phase and the mass transfer of the gas into the liquid surface, at least one impeller having inclined blades that make an angle from 5° to 60° with respect to the vertical axis. The reactor prepares sodium carbonate and has a configuration for the mass transfer of a gas phase in a liquid phase. A method for the preparation of sodium carbonate by means of the carbonator reactor by capturing CO.sub.2 in an NaOH aqueous solution, directly on the free surface of the liquid phase.

A mixing paddle specifically designed to produce pastry dough is disclosed. The mixing paddle is comprised of a collar, a rim, and a plurality of parallel blades enclosed within the rim. An axis from the collar to a bottom of the mixing paddle bisects the rim, creating a first side and a second side.

A high pressure homogenizer for flowable substances charged with particles, having a high pressure chamber and a homogenizer unit that is located fluidically downstream thereof and, by swirling, expands the fluid to be homogenized which has previously been brought to a pressure of more than 500 bar in the high pressure chamber, and a plunger pump associated with the homogenizer unit, the plunger of which plunger pump pressurizes the high pressure chamber, wherein the high pressure homogenizer has a low pressure chamber which surrounds the plunger shaft to cool the plunger and which has an operating pressure of P.sub.N≤25 bar, wherein the low pressure chamber and the high pressure chamber are separated from each other by a seal which is penetrated by the plunger, the seal being a throttle gap which is formed between the plunger shaft and a bushing that does not contact the plunger shaft, the ratio S/.sub.L of the length to the radial annular gap height of the throttle gap being ≤0.0015.

A foam production method includes mixing liquid nitrogen with a foaming material to produce foam. A gas is produced in situ from liquid nitrogen. As the ratio of the volume of the gas produced by gasification of liquid nitrogen to the volume of the liquid nitrogen is relatively high, when a large gas supply flow is needed to generate a large foam flow, a liquid nitrogen storage device of a small volume can be used instead of bulky air supply devices such as high-pressure gas cylinders, air compressors, air compressor sets and the like, reducing the volume of the air supply device. In addition, the liquid nitrogen used in foaming will release nitrogen gas after the foam blast, such that the nitrogen is also able to inhibit combustion on the surface of burning materials, accelerating the extinguishing of the fire.

A stream of seed may be maintained at a metered flow rate through multiple stages of a treatment process. These multiple stages include dispensing, first application of fluid, second application of fluid, and seed transport. Seed transport may be accomplished through a conveyor configured to maintain the metered flow rate while providing static mixing, drying, and conditioning of the treated seed. The metered stream of seed may be treated within a first treatment applicator where a first wet treatment is applied, transferred through the incline conveyor, and treated again within a second treatment applicator where a second wet treatment is applied. Overtreating in multiple stages may layer consecutive seed treatments around the treated seed. A predetermined amount of seed treatment may be applied to the coated seed based on the metered flow rate established. Maintaining the metered flow rate through multiple stages eliminates the need for multiple metering steps.

An exhaust gas turbine (30) for expanding exhaust gas, comprising a turbine housing (33) having an inflow housing portion (35) for exhaust gas to be expanded and an outflow housing portion (36) for expanded exhaust gas, a turbine rotor (34) received by the turbine housing (33), the turbine rotor (34) being rotatable about an axis of rotation, a metering means (42) for a reducing agent or a precursor substance of a reducing agent, wherein the reducing agent or the precursor substance can be introduced into the expanded exhaust gas via the metering device (42), and with a swirl atomizer (43), rotating together with the turbine rotor (34), for the reducing agent or the precursor substance, the reducing agent or the precursor substance being atomizable in the expanded exhaust gas via the swirl atomizer (43), the swirl atomizer (43) engaging the turbine rotor (34) at a downstream, hub-side portion of the turbine rotor (34). Downstream of the turbine rotor (34) in extension of the axis of rotation of the turbine rotor (34), an impingement body (44) is arranged for the reducing agent or the precursor substance introduced into the exhaust gas and atomized, wherein a distance of the impingement body (44) from the swirl atomizer (43) corresponds to at most 7 times a diameter of the turbine rotor (34).

An exhaust gas system includes an engine-turbine exhaust gas conduit, a turbocharger, a turbine-housing exhaust gas conduit, an injection housing, a dosing module, and a bypass system. The engine-turbine exhaust gas conduit is configured to receive exhaust gas. The turbocharger includes a turbine. The turbine is coupled to the engine-turbine exhaust gas conduit. The turbine-housing exhaust gas conduit is coupled to the turbine. The injection housing is coupled to the turbine-housing exhaust gas conduit and centered on an injection housing axis. The dosing module is coupled to the injection housing and includes an injector. The injector is configured to dose reductant into the injection housing. The injector is centered on an injector axis. The bypass system includes a bypass inlet conduit, a bypass valve, and a bypass outlet conduit. The bypass inlet conduit is coupled to the engine-turbine exhaust gas conduit.