Described here are apparatuses and methods for producing a composition comprising nano-bubbles dispersed in a liquid carrier. One such method includes flowing a liquid carrier from an inlet through at least two channels each including a triboelectric material, including flowing the liquid carrier such that a Reynolds number of the flow of the liquid carrier through the at least two channels is less than 3000. Flowing the liquid carrier through the at least two channels produces vibrational energy that causes: (i) the liquid carrier to contact the triboelectric material such that an electric charge is generated in the triboelectric material; and (ii) the liquid carrier to separate from the triboelectric material such that the electric charge is discharged to the liquid carrier to form nano-bubbles dispersed in the liquid carrier.

A method for the efficient solubilization of carbon dioxide in water through the use of high energy impacts is disclosed. The method can optionally includes mixing the carbon dioxide and water to form an annular dispersed flow, accelerating the carbon dioxide and water prior to the collision; providing a retention network to collect the carbonated water flow. Also disclosed are systems and apparatuses for practicing the disclosed methods.

A dynamic mixer (40) comprising a rotatable structure (10, 111, 11, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) having a cylindrical base (14) having a connector disposed at one end, an opposing thinned end, flights of 3 to 6 blades (11, 12, 151, 61), separated by a notches (13, 18) the blades (11, 12, 151, 61) have an inlet face facing the connector end, an outlet (30) face facing the thinned end, a leading edge (21) facing the direction of rotation, a trailing edge (20) opposite the leading edge (21), a standard leading face (154, 65) which tapers from the leading edge (21) to the outlet (30) face and a standard trailing face (166) which tapers from the trailing edge (20) to the inlet face, or a reverse leading face (154, 65) which tapers from the leading edge (21) to the inlet face and a reverse trailing face (155, 66) which tapers from the trailing edge (20) to the outlet (30) face, the notches (13, 18) are offset from one another and the article is adapted for use in a dynamic mixer (40) to mix viscous material when rotated in the mixer (40). An article comprising the mixer (40), a shell (25, 28, 29, 31) about the mixer (40) and an endplate (33) that defines material inlets and seals the inlet end (15, 27) of the mixer (40).

An apparatus for preparing a liquid preparation uses a two-part system. A first part includes a first reagent and a second part includes a second reagent. The first reagent and the second reagent react when mixed to form an active ingredient of the liquid preparation. The liquid preparation is a diluent. The apparatus includes a primary chamber for receiving a quantity of the first part, a quantity of the second part and a quantity of the diluent, a reagent inlet for admitting the first part and the second part to the primary chamber, a diluent inlet connectable to a diluent supply for admitting the diluent to the primary chamber, an outlet for releasing the liquid preparation from the primary chamber, and a flow controller to admit a pre-determined volume of diluent to the primary chamber in a pre-determined time period when the diluent inlet is connected to a diluent supply.

Disclosed is a venturi air-ammonia mixer 200 enabled for a two-burner system. The venturi air-ammonia mixer 200 comprises a venturi body 204 and an annular region 212. Further the venturi body 204 comprises a convergent section 204(a) comprising an air inlet feed 208 a cylindrical section 204(b) comprising an inner hollow member 202, and a divergent section 204(c) comprising an air-ammonia gas outlet 210. Further the cylindrical section 204(b) and the inner hollow member 202 comprises a first perforated region and a second perforated region. Further the cylindrical section 204(b) is enclosed in the annular region 212 and connected to an ammonia inlet feed 206. Further the ammonia inlet feed 206 fills the annular region 212 with dry ammonia gas which further flows into the venturi air-ammonia mixer 200 through the perforated regions thereby enabling uniform mixing of the ammonia gas with air from the air inlet feed 208.

The present invention relates to compositions and methods for manufacturing an adjuvant comprising a saponin using a microfluidic device and to aspects thereof.

A high efficiency plasma activation system for large scale treatment of liquid including a liquid tank; a pump having an inlet fluidly connected to an outlet of the liquid tank; a self-suction mechanism having a liquid inlet fluidly connected to an outlet of the pump, an air inlet, and an outlet fluidly connected to an inlet of the liquid tank; and a plasma generator having a plasma discharge nozzle positioned adjacent to the air inlet of the self-suction mechanism and configured to discharge gas phase plasma into the air inlet of the self-suction mechanism and introduce micro/nano bubbles (MNBs) into a flow of liquid to be treated to where the MNBs collapse to agitate and impregnate the liquid with a gas, for highly efficient plasma activation of liquid on a large scale as a green and sustainable technology for disinfection in the food industry and agriculture.

Gas hydrate slurry formation systems are provided. The gas hydrate slurry formation system includes a cavitation chamber configured to receive a fluid and a cavitation device placed within the cavitation chamber. The cavitation device is configured to form a plurality of bubbles within the fluid in the cavitation chamber. The gas hydrate slurry formation system also includes a gas inlet configured to introduce a gas within the cavitation chamber such that the gas is entrained in the plurality of bubbles to form a plurality of gas-entrained bubbles. The plurality of gas-entrained bubbles implode within the cavitation chamber to form a gas hydrate slurry.

The invention generally relates to a mixing device. In certain embodiments, devices of the invention include a fluidic inlet, a fluidic outlet, and a chamber, the chamber being configured to produce a plurality of fluidic vortexes within the chamber.

A method and apparatus are provided for mixing highly viscous fluids to form a mixture. The mixture is created rapidly and has a high level of uniformity. The mixture is created by utilizing induced viscous fluid folding under the influence of an electric field. The electric field is introduced by connecting a nozzle dispensing the fluids in parallel to a voltage supply and grounding a collection plate located below the nozzle. When a certain voltage is applied the co-flow viscous fluids start to fold because the electric field exerts stress on the surface of the fluids, which results in changes of the geometry and dynamics of the viscous fluids. Control of the electric field provides great control over the mixture.