The present disclosure is generally directed to a design geometry of a venturi or an ejector that is optimized in systems and methods for increasing the operating range of the venturi or the ejector in a fuel cell system. The present disclosure is also generally directed to fuel cell systems and methods for sizing and/or integrating a recirculation blower with a venturi or an ejector in a fuel cell or fuel cell stack. The present disclosure is further generally directed to systems and methods of operating a fuel cell system comprising more than one venturi or ejectors during transient operations.

An apparatus comprising: a vessel component comprising a flow-through interior chamber having an interior sidewall and an exterior sidewall; at least two inlets for introducing chemical components into the flow-through interior chamber; at least one outlet for removing product from the flow-through interior chamber; and an off center rotation component which is operatively connected to the vessel component. During operation of the apparatus, the off center rotation component generates vortical movement of at least two chemical components through the flow-through interior chamber of the vessel, and converts at least a portion of the at least two chemical components to at least one reaction product or product mixture. A method of using the apparatus to produce reaction products or product mixtures. The apparatus and method are useful for producing specialty chemicals such as fragrance and flavor compounds, insect pheromones, petrochemicals, pharmaceutical compounds, agrichemical compounds, and the like.

A foam production method includes mixing liquid nitrogen with a foaming material to produce foam. A gas is produced in situ from liquid nitrogen. As the ratio of the volume of the gas produced by gasification of liquid nitrogen to the volume of the liquid nitrogen is relatively high, when a large gas supply flow is needed to generate a large foam flow, a liquid nitrogen storage device of a small volume can be used instead of bulky air supply devices such as high-pressure gas cylinders, air compressors, air compressor sets and the like, reducing the volume of the air supply device. In addition, the liquid nitrogen used in foaming will release nitrogen gas after the foam blast, such that the nitrogen is also able to inhibit combustion on the surface of burning materials, accelerating the extinguishing of the fire.

The invention generally relates to a mixing device. In certain embodiments, devices of the invention include a fluidic inlet, a fluidic outlet, and a chamber, the chamber being configured to produce a plurality of fluidic vortexes within the chamber.

The invention relates to a method for preparing emulsions.

In order to create a new method for preparing emulsions, in which homogenous oil droplets as small as possible can be generated with an energy input as low as possible, it is proposed in the scope of the invention, that at least two liquid streams of liquids that cannot be intermixed with one another are pumped through separate openings with defined diameters, in order to achieve flow velocity of the liquid streams of more than 10 m/sec., and in that the liquid streams collide at a collision point in a space, wherein the resulting emulsion is discharged from the space through an outlet.

By the collision of the liquid streams with high flow velocities, in which a plate-shaped collision plate is formed in the collision point, a homogenous emulsion having an oil droplet size of less than 1 m is achieved due to the kinetic energy, which is accordingly very stable as well. No further energy input, such as shear forces, is required to that end.

The invention concerns an apparatus (1) for the dispersion of an expansion gas even in supercritical conditions, e.g. carbon dioxide, in a reactive resin, of the kind in which a reaction chamber having an input (27) for gas and an input (37) for resin is provided. Advantageously, the chamber is a dispersion and containment chamber made into a casing (2) of predetermined high resistance susceptible to sustain high pressure and is divided into two sections (6,7) by a head (14) of a dispersion and mixing cylinder-piston group (4) in fluid communication between themselves by means of at least one pouring passage (31, 36, 32, 39) provided with a static mixer (38), motor means (3) being provided for piston (34) control of said mixing cylinder-piston group (4). The invention also concerns a process for the formation of a polyurethane foam starting with the dispersion of carbon dioxide, even supercritical, in a reactive resin in which at least one initial dispersion and mixing controlled phase of the two components is provided in a dispersion and containment chamber under pressure divided into two sections (6,7) by a head (14) of a cylinder-piston mixing group (4) in fluid communication between themselves by means of at least one pouring passage (31, 36, 32, 39) provided with a static mixer (38) and in which adduction, dispersion and mixing occurs under high pressure (at least greater than 75 bar).

A method for the efficient solubilization of carbon dioxide in water through the use of high energy impacts is disclosed. The method can optionally includes mixing the carbon dioxide and water to form an annular dispersed flow, accelerating the carbon dioxide and water prior to the collision; providing a retention network to collect the carbonated water flow. Also disclosed are systems and apparatuses for practicing the disclosed methods.

A method for controlling fluid ratio accuracy during a dual flow injection with a powered injection system is described. The method includes predicting a first capacitance volume of a first syringe comprising a first medical fluid and a second capacitance volume of a second syringe comprising a second medical fluid with a first capacitance correction factor and a second capacitance correction factor, respectively, selecting a ratio of the first medical fluid and the second medical fluid to be administered to a patient in the dual flow injection, determining a relative acceleration ratio of a first piston of the first syringe and a second piston of a second syringe based on the predicted first capacitance volume and the predicted second capacitance volume, wherein the relative acceleration ratio is selected to maintain the selected ratio of the first medical fluid and the second medical fluid during the dual flow injection, and injecting a mixture of a first medical fluid and a second medical fluid having the selected ratio with the powered injection system.

A process is provided for preparing an aqueous emulsion of an amino-functional polyorganosiloxane. The process includes mixing A) an amino-functional polyorganosiloxane, B) a non-ionic surfactant, and C) water; and thereafter mixing in additional starting materials including additional water, D) a water soluble salt, E) a pH adjusting agent, and F) a preservative. A phase inversion occurs during the process, such that the resulting emulsion has A) the amino-functional polyorganosiloxane in the internal, discontinuous phase and C) the water in an external, continuous phase.

A machine and process for providing a gas liquid mixture are described. The process can include providing a pressurized fluid stream; and subjecting the fluid stream to a series of alternating flow regions that include a plurality of laminar flow regions and turbulent flow regions. The machine can include a flow path from a pressure vessel to an ejection point, where the flow path includes a plurality of alternating flow characteristic regions.