Provided are an improved method and device for modifying a fluororesin. The method for modifying a fluororesin includes: a first step in which a first fluid containing an organic compound including at least one of an oxygen atom and a nitrogen atom is irradiated with ultraviolet light exhibiting intensity in at least a wavelength region of 205 nm or less, and the first fluid that has been irradiated with the ultraviolet light is brought into contact with a fluororesin; and a second step in which a second fluid containing water in the form of gas or mist is irradiated with the ultraviolet light, and the second fluid that has been irradiated with the ultraviolet light is brought into contact with the fluororesin.

The method for modifying a fluororesin includes two steps. In a first step, a first gas containing an organic compound including an oxygen atom is irradiated with ultraviolet light exhibiting intensity in at least a wavelength region of 205 nm or less, and the first gas that has been irradiated with the ultraviolet light is brought into contact with a fluororesin. In a second step, a second gas containing oxygen molecules is irradiated with the ultraviolet light, and the second gas that has been irradiated with the ultraviolet light is brought into contact with the fluororesin. The modification device includes: at least one gas supply port for supplying a first gas containing an organic compound including an oxygen atom and a second gas containing oxygen molecules; and a light source that emits ultraviolet light exhibiting intensity in a wavelength region of 205 nm or less.

A surface radiator includes a light-emitting semiconductor component and a housing body. The housing body has a cooling channel forming part of a fluid path from an inlet opening to a return opening. A transparent emission window overlies the light-emitting semiconductor component. The housing body provides an attachment surface spaced apart from the emission window for the light-emitting semiconductor component. The arrangement of the emission window on the housing body is formed in a fluid-tight manner. The housing body, the semiconductor component and the emission window delimit an emission chamber. The fluid path is defined by a first cooling channel, which extends from the inlet opening through the housing body to an orifice opening, the emission chamber, and a second cooling channel, which extends from the discharge opening through the housing body to the return opening. The coolant is an electrically insulating liquid, which is transparent for the incident radiation.

An LED lamp module for carrying out a photochemical reaction has a carrier body on which a plurality of LEDs are fastened. The carrier body is arranged in an interior space of the LED lamp module, delimited by a transparent wall element and a housing. An electrical supply line for the electrical connection of the LEDs extends through the housing. The LEDs are divided into LED groups and connected in series in each LED group. A driver is assigned to each LED group as constant current source for the operation of the LEDs. Each driver is arranged adjacent to its LED group on the carrier body in the interior space of the LED lamp module, and is connected in series to its LED group, thereby forming an LED current branch. The LED current branches are connected in parallel to a constant voltage source via the supply line.

The invention provides a photoreactor assembly (1000) comprising a photochemical reactor (200) and a light source arrangement (700); wherein the light source arrangement (700) comprises (i) a plurality of light sources (10) configured to generate light source radiation (11) selected from one or more of UV radiation, visible radiation, and IR radiation, and (ii) a support arrangement (710) for the one or more light sources (10); wherein the photochemical reactor (200) comprises a first region (210) comprising a flow reactor system (215) configured to host a fluid (5) to be treated with the light source radiation (11), and a second region (220) comprising a fluid channel system (225), which is not in fluid contact with the flow reactor system (215), and which is configured for temperature control of one or more of the photochemical reactor (200) and the light sources (10); wherein the first region (210) and the second region (220) are configured in thermal contact with each other or form a (monolithic) body; wherein the photochemical reactor (200) comprises a light transmissive material (211) that is transmissive for the light source radiation (11); wherein the support arrangement (710) is configured in thermal contact with the second region (220); wherein one or more of the second region (220) and the support arrangement (710) provide light source cavities (1050) for hosting at least part of the light sources (10); wherein the plurality of light sources (10) are configured to irradiate at least part of the flow reactor system (215) via the light transmissive material (211); and wherein the light sources (10) are in thermal contact with the second region (220) via the support arrangement (710).

Systems for generating ozone gas, in accordance with receiving a stream of ambient air that includes at least oxygen gas, generating ozone gas based upon applying ultraviolet (UV) irradiation to at least a portion of the oxygen gas, the UV irradiation provided via an optical lamp module powered by a direct current (DC) voltage battery source, producing a modified air stream based on the generating, and exhausting the modified air stream, the modified air stream having a higher concentration of ozone gas as compared with a concentration of ozone gas that is constituted in the stream of ambient air.

An LED lamp module for carrying out a photochemical reaction has a carrier body on which a plurality of LEDs are fastened. The carrier body is arranged in an interior space of the LED lamp module, delimited by a transparent wall element and a housing. An electrical supply line for the electrical connection of the LEDs extends through the housing. The LEDs are divided into LED groups and connected in series in each LED group. A driver is assigned to each LED group as constant current source for the operation of the LEDs. Each driver is arranged adjacent to its LED group on the carrier body in the interior space of the LED lamp module, and is connected in series to its LED group, thereby forming an LED current branch. The LED current branches are connected in parallel to a constant voltage source via the supply line.

Disclosed herein is a substrate which includes a functional group protected with a photolabile group covalently attached to the substrate and a film of solvent thereof covering the substrate, where the thickness of the film is less than about 100 m. Also disclosed herein are methods of preparing such substrates. Further disclosed are methods of synthesizing polymers, methods of synthesizing arrays of polymers and methods of removing photolabile protecting groups. These methods all employ covering the substrate with a thin film of solvent where the thickness of the film is less than 100 m.

A photocatalytic system for reducing airborne contaminants using an ultraviolet (UV) emitter and photocatalytic cells, the system comprises a housing comprising a front side having an opening therethrough, and a rear side opposite the front side, the rear side also having an opening therethrough. A first photocatalytic cell is located in the housing adjacent to the front side. Likewise, a second photocatalytic cell located in the housing adjacent to the rear side. A unitary removable structure slidably positionable within the housing between the first photocatalytic cell and the second photocatalytic cell.

The objective of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a polycarbonate safely and efficiently even without using a base. The method for producing a carbonate derivative according to the present invention is characterized in comprising the step of irradiating a high energy light to a composition comprising the halogenated methane and the hydroxy group-containing compound in the presence of oxygen, wherein a molar ratio of a total usage amount of the hydroxy group-containing compound to 1 mole of the halogenated methane is 0.05 or more.