A multilayer protective device such as, but not limited to, a garment such as a vest or arm or leg wrap, a bag, a backpack, wraps for tents, camping items, etc. designed to be worn by domesticated or farm animals of various sizes and/or humans or placed on objects for which predator attack is to be deterred. The multilayer protective device is made from a multi-layered composite textile containing a non-toxic, non-lethal repellent substance such that upon a bite from an attacking animal, the non-toxic, non-lethal repellent substance is released deterring the attacking animal for such a time as to allow the wearer or user of the protective device to escape or be rescued.

A multilayer protective device such as, but not limited to, a garment such as a vest or arm or leg wrap, a bag, a backpack, wraps for tents, camping items, etc. designed to be worn by domesticated or farm animals of various sizes and/or humans or placed on objects for which predator attack is to be deterred. The multilayer protective device is made from a multi-layered composite textile containing a non-toxic, non-lethal repellent substance such that upon a bite from an attacking animal, the non-toxic, non-lethal repellent substance is released deterring the attacking animal for such a time as to allow the wearer or user of the protective device to escape or be rescued.

Grease-like compositions are provided for repelling insects and preventing undesirable behavior in hoofed animals. The compositions utilize nontoxic mineral, synthetic, or vegetable oil based gels containing silica, clay, urea, polytetrafluoroethylene, or metallic soap thickeners and capsaicin.

Grease-like compositions are provided for repelling insects and preventing undesirable behavior in hoofed animals. The compositions utilize nontoxic mineral, synthetic, or vegetable oil based gels containing silica, clay, urea, polytetrafluoroethylene, or metallic soap thickeners and capsaicin.

Pure saponins and processes for making such saponins are described herein. In addition, cosmetic compositions, such as skin care compositions, comprising such saponins and methods for improving skin health and appearance with such skincare compositions are also described herein.

Pure saponins and processes for making such saponins are described herein. In addition, cosmetic compositions, such as skin care compositions, comprising such saponins and methods for improving skin health and appearance with such skincare compositions are also described herein.

Agents and natural and synthetic formulations and extracts are useful in control of pathogen infection and infestation in humans, animals and plants, as well as pathogen contamination in environmental locales. A method inhibits growth or infection or infestation of a pathogen, including contacting the pathogen with an effective amount of a combination of a plant defensin or a functional natural or synthetic derivative or variant thereof and a non-defensin peptide, such as a cathelicidin peptide, a hairpin peptide, a hairpin peptide from which disulfide bridges have been removed, indolicidin, synthetic peptide CP-29, or a peptide derived from a cystatin. The combination of the defensin and peptide are synergistic compared to the use of each alone at the same individual dose as used in the combination.

Agents and natural and synthetic formulations and extracts are useful in control of pathogen infection and infestation in humans, animals and plants, as well as pathogen contamination in environmental locales. A method inhibits growth or infection or infestation of a pathogen, including contacting the pathogen with an effective amount of a combination of a plant defensin or a functional natural or synthetic derivative or variant thereof and a non-defensin peptide, such as a cathelicidin peptide, a hairpin peptide, a hairpin peptide from which disulfide bridges have been removed, indolicidin, synthetic peptide CP-29, or a peptide derived from a cystatin. The combination of the defensin and peptide are synergistic compared to the use of each alone at the same individual dose as used in the combination.

An apparatus for dispensing an aromatic solution includes a casing with an orifice, a programmable remote, a cartridge filled with an aromatic solution, and a battery.

An apparatus for dispensing an aromatic solution includes a casing with an orifice, a programmable remote, a cartridge filled with an aromatic solution, and a battery.