The invention relates to methods of hydrodeoxygenation of oxygenated compounds into compounds with unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds, comprising the steps of: a) providing a reaction mixture comprising, an oxygenated compound containing one or more of a hydroxyl, keto or aldehyde group, an ionic liquid, a homogeneous metal catalyst, and carbon monoxide or a carbon monoxide releasing compound, b) reacting said reaction mixture under a H2 atmosphere at acidic conditions at a temperature between 180 and 250° C. and a pressure between 10 and 200 bar.

Disclosed is a heat-resistant ruthenium composite and, more particularly, to a heat-resistant ruthenium composite, a catalyst using same, and an exhaust system, the heat-resistant ruthenium composite being composed of a matrix including a plurality of cores therein, wherein ruthenium is present in a metal state in the core and a Ru complex oxide including Ru perovskite (PV) is contained in the matrix.

The present invention relates to a polyester or polyurethane polymer comprising a biomass-derived 1,3-cyclopentanediol monomer, and a method for preparing same.

The present invention is directed to a process for the synthesis of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) comprising the steps of: (1) oxidising an aqueous solution of 5 hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) in the presence of molecular oxygen, of a heterogeneous catalyst comprising ruthenium and of a strong base at a temperature above 100° C., obtaining a reaction product in aqueous solution comprising a salt of FDCA acid; (2) separating said heterogeneous catalyst from said reaction product in aqueous solution, and (3) re-using said heterogeneous catalyst in the oxidation reaction in step (1).

A method of removing carbon dioxide from a gas can include providing a gaseous feed stream including a carbon dioxide gas and adsorbing the carbon dioxide gas with a porous carbon sorbent. The method can further include de-adsorbing the carbon dioxide and combining the carbon dioxide with a substantially pure hydrogen gas to produce at least one of methane and methanol. The adsorbing and de-adsorbing of the carbon dioxide gas can be conducted by an electric swing adsorption.

The supported catalyst synthesis device according to the present disclosure includes a first source for a liquid containing a reducing agent; a second source for a liquid containing elements to constitute single-metal fine particles or solid solution fine particles to be supported; a third source for a liquid containing support particles; a reaction unit that joins flows of these liquids; a liquid feed route connecting between the first source and the reaction unit; a liquid feed route connecting between the second source and the reaction unit; a liquid feed route connecting between the third source and the reaction unit; and a collection unit, connected to the reaction unit via a pipe, to collect a produced reaction product, and further includes a pressure adjustment mechanism connected to the collection unit.

A process for ring hydrogenation of dialkyl terephthalates having C.sub.3- to C.sub.16-alkyl groups can be performed in a hydrogenation unit composed of two reaction units in series. In the process, a suitable process parameter in relation to the first reaction unit is adjusted so that a certain reaction conversion is achieved.

A molding catalyst satisfying the following formula (1):

0.800≤W.sub.AV/W.sub.C≤0.875  (1) wherein W.sub.AV is determined by the following formula (2) and W.sub.C is determined by the following formula (3):

W.sub.AV=W.sub.tot/n  (2) wherein W.sub.tot is a total weight of freely-selected n pieces of the molding catalyst,

W.sub.C=(V.sub.AV.Math.ρ)/(1+V.sub.P.Math.ρ)  (3) wherein V.sub.AV is an average of volumes of virtual cylinders each respectively having, as its height and diameter, a major axis (L) and a minor axis (D) of each of the freely-selected n pieces of the molding catalyst, ρ is a true density of the molding catalyst, and V.sub.P is a pore volume per unit weight of the molding catalyst.

A precious metal-supported eggshell catalyst with a preparation method and an application are provided. The precious metal-supported eggshell catalyst includes a carrier, a precious metal and a promoter. As an active component, the precious metal and the promoter are evenly distributed on surface of the carrier, wherein the promoter includes one or more than two of a precious metal, an alkaline earth metal, a transition metal lanthanide series metal, an actinium series metal and/or a metal oxide thereof. With a highly utilization of the precious metal, the precious metal-supported eggshell catalyst showed high conversion, good selectivity and excellent stability, and the precious metal-supported eggshell catalyst is used more than 300 hours with no obvious loss of activity in preparing 1,3-propanediol through hydrogenation of 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde aqueous solution. Furthermore, with large particles the precious metal-supported eggshell catalyst is easily separated from reaction products.

A method of preparing a mesoporous carbon composite material having a mesoporous carbon phase and preformed metal nanoparticles located within the mesoporous carbon phase. The present invention also relates to a mesoporous carbon composite material and to a substrate having a film of such mesoporous carbon composite material.