An exhaust gas purification catalyst includes: a first catalyst unit that consists of a hydrogen generating catalyst including a noble metal and an oxide that contains lanthanum, zirconium and an additional element such as neodymium; a second catalyst unit that consists of an oxygen storage/release material and a perovskite oxide disposed in contact with the oxygen storage/release material and represented by the general formula La.sub.xM1.sub.1-xM2O.sub.3-δ, where La is lanthanum, M1 is at least one element selected from the group consisting of barium (Ba), strontium (Sr) and calcium (Ca), M2 is at least one element selected from the group consisting of iron (Fe), cobalt (Co) and manganese (Mn), x satisfies 0<x≦1, and δ satisfies 0≦δ≦1; and a holding material that holds the first catalyst unit and the second catalyst unit in a mutually separated state.

The present invention relates to a process for the one-pot hydrogenation and dehydration or isomerization of an organic compound, and to a catalyst composition for this process comprising transition metal particles having particle size below 50 nm supported on a material comprising at least one fluorinated polymer (P), wherein polymer (P) bears —SO.sub.2X functional groups, X being selected from X′ and OM, X′ being selected from the groups consisting of F, Cl, Br and I; and M being selected from the group consisting of H, and alkaline metal and NH.sub.4.

A method of making of 1,2,5,6-hexanetetrol (“tetrol”). The method includes the steps of contacting a reaction solution containing water as well as levoglucosenone, dihydrolevoglucosenone, and/or levoglucosanol, with a catalyst containing metal and acid functionalities, at temperature of from about 100° C. to about 175° C., and a hydrogen partial pressure of from about 1 bar to about 50 bar (about 0.1 MPa to about 5 MPa), and for a time wherein at least a portion of the reactant is converted into 1,2,5,6-hexanetetrol.

Disclosed is a visible light responsive photocatalyst that simultaneously realizes high crystallinity and refinement of primary particles. Also disclosed is a photocatalyst composed of secondary particles that have a high porosity and are aggregates of fine primary particles. Rhodium-doped strontium titanate that is a visible light responsive photocatalyst of the present invention has a primary particle diameter of not more than 70 nm and has a absorbance at a wavelength of 570 nm of not less than 0.6 and a absorbance at a wavelength of 1800 nm of not more than 0.7, each absorbance determining by measuring a diffuse reflection spectrum, the rhodium-doped strontium titanate having a high water-splitting activity as a photocatalyst.

In some examples, a method for treating a reforming catalyst, the method comprising heating a catalyst metal used for reforming hydrocarbon in a reducing gas mixture environment. The reducing gas mixture comprises hydrogen and at least one sulfur-containing compound. The at least one sulfur-containing compound includes one or more of hydrogen sulfide, carbonyl sulfide, carbonyl disulfide and organic sulfur-containing compounds such as thiophenes, thiophanes, sulfides (RSH), disulfides (RS.sub.2R′), tri-sulfides (RS.sub.3R′) and mercaptans (RSR′).

A catalyst includes a gas-permeable textile sheet material made of noble-metal-containing wire having a three-dimensional secondary structure produced thereon. The secondary structure is a three-dimensional dent structure including dents arranged adjacent to each other in rows in two spatial directions. The dents are in the form of a hexagon. The dent structure is formed by self-organization in a denting process.

[Problem] Provided is an exhaust gas purification catalyst capable of exhibiting even higher exhaust gas purification performance without impairing Pd catalytic activity, and an exhaust gas purification system using the exhaust gas purification catalyst.

[Solution] Provided is an exhaust gas purification catalyst comprising a substrate and a catalyst layer provided on the substrate, said catalyst having a first section located upstream along a flow direction of the exhaust gas and a second section located downstream from the first section; the catalyst layer in the first section comprises a first catalyst layer comprising palladium and a second catalyst layer comprising rhodium and covering the first catalyst layer, wherein a pore volume proportion is 12% or more and less than 18% wherein the pore volume proportion is a proportion of a total volume of the pores, which have a pore diameter of 0.06 μm to 30.0 μm as measured by mercury press-in method and existing in the substrate and the catalyst layer in the first section to a volume of a entire first section; and a wash coat amount is 100 g/L to 190 g/L, wherein a wash coat amount is a mass per unit volume of the catalyst layer in the first section to the volume of the substrate existing in the first section.

A hydrogen permeable membrane device is provided that includes a porous ceramic layer having a material that includes zirconia, Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), γ/Al.sub.2O.sub.3, and/or YSZ— γ/Al.sub.2O.sub.3, and a porous Pd film or porous Pd-alloy film deposited on the a mesoporous ceramic layer.

Sulfur-tolerant reforming catalysts that include bulk alumina in the catalyst support are provided. The sulfur-tolerant reforming catalysts can include a sulfur-tolerant catalytic metal to facilitate reforming. The catalyst can further include a support material that includes at least some alumina as bulk alumina and/or octahedrally coordinated alumina. The sulfur-tolerant reforming catalysts can be regenerated, such as periodically regenerated, under relatively mild conditions that allow the catalysts to maintain reforming activity in the presence of 1 vppm to 1000 vppm of sulfur in the feed for reforming.

An exhaust gas purification system of the present disclosure includes a first exhaust gas purification device that purifies exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine and a second exhaust gas purification device that additionally purifies the exhaust gas purified by the first exhaust gas purification device, wherein the exhaust gas is exhaust gas with a gaseous composition in which an amount of reducing agents is in excess compared to a stoichiometric gaseous composition and a gaseous composition in which an amount of oxidants is in excess compared to the stoichiometric gaseous composition are alternately switched between, the first exhaust gas purification device includes a three-way catalyst, and the second exhaust gas purification device includes an exhaust gas purification catalyst containing spinel-type MgAl.sub.xFe.sub.2.00−xO.sub.4.00 supporting particles on which Rh is supported, where 0.00<×≤1.50.