A three-way catalyst article, and its use in an exhaust system for internal combustion engines, is disclosed. The catalyst article for treating exhaust gas comprising: a substrate comprising an inlet end and an outlet end with an axial length L; and a first catalytic region on the substrate; wherein the first catalytic region comprises a first PGM component and a first alumina, wherein the first alumina is doped with a first dopant of at least 5 wt. %, and wherein the first dopant is selected from the group consisting of Zr, Ta, Mo, W, Ti, Nb, and a combination thereof.

Methods for exhaust gas purification, including the steps of: attaching an exhaust gas purification catalyst to an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, and supplying an exhaust gas to the exhaust gas purification catalyst, where the exhaust gas purification catalyst includes an upper layer containing first carrier particles which are particles of an inorganic oxide and rhodium, and a lower layer containing second carrier particles which are particles of an inorganic oxide, the upper layer includes a rhodium-rich portion near the surface of the upper layer on the upstream side of the exhaust gas flow, and the existence range of the rhodium-rich portion is in a range of greater than 50% to 80% of the length of the upper layer from a downstream side end of an exhaust gas flow and of less than 20 μm in the depth direction from an outermost surface of the upper layer.

The present disclosure is directed to an emission treatment system for NO.sub.x abatement in an exhaust stream of an ammonia-fueled engine, the emission treatment system including a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst disposed on a substrate in fluid communication with the exhaust stream, an oxidation catalyst disposed on a substrate positioned either upstream or downstream of the SCR catalyst and in fluid communication with the exhaust stream and the SCR catalyst, and optionally, one or more adsorption components disposed on a substrate positioned upstream and/or downstream of the SCR catalyst and in fluid communication with the exhaust stream and the SCR catalyst, the adsorption component chosen from low temperature NO.sub.x adsorbers (LT-NA), low temperature ammonia adsorbers (LT-AA), low temperature water vapor adsorbers (LT-WA), and combinations thereof. The disclosure further provides a related method of treatment of an exhaust gas.

The present disclosure is directed to an emission treatment system for NO.sub.x abatement in an exhaust stream of an ammonia-fueled engine, the emission treatment system including a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst disposed on a substrate in fluid communication with the exhaust stream, an oxidation catalyst disposed on a substrate positioned either upstream or downstream of the SCR catalyst and in fluid communication with the exhaust stream and the SCR catalyst, and optionally, one or more adsorption components disposed on a substrate positioned upstream and/or downstream of the SCR catalyst and in fluid communication with the exhaust stream and the SCR catalyst, the adsorption component chosen from low temperature NO.sub.x adsorbers (LT-NA), low temperature ammonia adsorbers (LT-AA), low temperature water vapor adsorbers (LT-WA), and combinations thereof. The disclosure further provides a related method of treatment of an exhaust gas.

A nitrogen oxide storage material comprising: Mg.sub.1-yAl.sub.2O.sub.4-y, wherein y is a number satisfying 0≤y≤0.2, a noble metal, an oxide of a metal other than the noble metal, and a barium compound, the noble metal, the oxide, and the barium compound being loaded on Mg.sub.1-yAl.sub.2O.sub.4-y. The metal oxide comprises at least one metal oxide selected from zirconium oxide, praseodymium oxide, niobium oxide, and iron oxide.

A nitrogen oxide storage material comprising: Mg.sub.1-yAl.sub.2O.sub.4-y, wherein y is a number satisfying 0≤y≤0.2, a noble metal, an oxide of a metal other than the noble metal, and a barium compound, the noble metal, the oxide, and the barium compound being loaded on Mg.sub.1-yAl.sub.2O.sub.4-y. The metal oxide comprises at least one metal oxide selected from zirconium oxide, praseodymium oxide, niobium oxide, and iron oxide.

A catalyst for forming a synthetic gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide from a hydrocarbon-based gas, the catalyst containing a complex oxide having a perovskite structure, wherein the complex oxide has a crystal phase containing CaZrO.sub.3 as a primary component and contains Ru and at least one of Ce and Y.

A catalyst for dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons includes a support including zirconium oxide and Linde type L zeolite (L-zeolite). A concentration of the zirconium oxide in the catalyst is in a range of from 0.1 weight percent (wt. %) to 20 wt. %. The catalyst includes from 5 wt. % to 15 wt. % of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal. The catalyst includes from 0.1 wt. % to 10 wt. % of tin. The catalyst includes from 0.1 wt. % to 8 wt. % of a platinum group metal. The alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, tin, and platinum group metal are disposed on the support.

A layered diesel oxidation catalyst for treatment of exhaust gas emissions from a diesel engine comprising: a flow-through monolith substrate having a honeycomb structure and comprising a front zone and a rear zone, wherein the front zone of the substrate comprises a combination of layers, one on top of another and comprising two or more of layers A, B and C; and the rear zone comprises Layer D, wherein: Layer A comprises platinum, palladium, or combinations thereof on a molecular sieve; Layer B comprises 1) platinum, palladium, or combinations thereof on a refractory metal oxide support; and 2) an alkaline earth metal, preferably barium, strontium or combinations thereof; Layer C comprises 1) a platinum group metal, which is platinum or a combination of both platinum and palladium on a refractory metal oxide support; and 2) a promoter metal, which is manganese and/or bismuth; and layer D comprises 1) platinum or a combination of both platinum and palladium on a refractory metal oxide support; and 2) manganese (Mn).

A layered diesel oxidation catalyst for treatment of exhaust gas emissions from a diesel engine comprising: a flow-through monolith substrate having a honeycomb structure and comprising a front zone and a rear zone, wherein the front zone of the substrate comprises a combination of layers, one on top of another and comprising two or more of layers A, B and C; and the rear zone comprises Layer D, wherein: Layer A comprises platinum, palladium, or combinations thereof on a molecular sieve; Layer B comprises 1) platinum, palladium, or combinations thereof on a refractory metal oxide support; and 2) an alkaline earth metal, preferably barium, strontium or combinations thereof; Layer C comprises 1) a platinum group metal, which is platinum or a combination of both platinum and palladium on a refractory metal oxide support; and 2) a promoter metal, which is manganese and/or bismuth; and layer D comprises 1) platinum or a combination of both platinum and palladium on a refractory metal oxide support; and 2) manganese (Mn).