A exhaust gas purification apparatus is provided with: a substrate having a wall-flow structure and including entry-side cells, exit-side cells, and a porous partition; a first catalyst region formed in small diameter pores having relatively small pore diameters among internal pores in the partition; and a second catalyst region formed in large diameter pores having relatively large pore diameters among the internal pores in the partition. The first catalyst region contains a support and any one or two species of precious metal selected from Pt, Pd, and Rh loaded on the support, while the second catalyst region contains a support and any one or two species of precious metal selected from Pt, Pd, and Rh loaded on the support and other than at least the precious metal present in the first catalyst region.

Described are catalytic articles comprising a substrate having a washcoat on the substrate, the washcoat containing a catalytic component having a first average (D50) particle size and a functional binder component having a second average (D50) particle size in the range of about 10 nm to about 1000 nm, wherein the ratio of the first average (D50) particle size to the second average (D50) particle size is greater than about 10:1. The catalytic articles are useful in methods and systems to purify exhaust gas streams from an engine.

The present invention relates to an ammonia decomposition catalyst that converts ammonia into hydrogen and nitrogen. The catalyst includes ruthenium (Ru) as an active catalytic component and a composite oxide solid solution (La.sub.xCe.sub.1-xO.sub.y) including lanthanum oxide and cerium oxide as a catalyst support. The present invention also relates to an ammonia decomposition method using the catalyst and a hydrogen production method using the catalyst.

A stable form which uses a carbon material having electrical conductivity as a raw material and that the electrical conductivity of the carbon material is retained and/or improved, and which improves the electricity generation properties when used in a catalyst layer for a fuel cell. The present invention is directed to, e.g., a calcined material of a mixture of an aromatic compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group and a carbon material having electrical conductivity.

An object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas purification catalyst having improved exhaust gas purifying performance (in particular, improved NOx purifying performance) at low to medium temperature, and, in order to achieve the object, the present invention provides an exhaust gas purification catalyst (10A) including: a substrate (20); and a catalyst layer (30 or 40) formed on the substrate (20), wherein the catalyst layer (30 or 40) contains rhodium element, phosphorus element and a rare earth element other than cerium element, wherein a ratio of a mass of the phosphorus element contained in the catalyst layer (30 or 40) to the mass of the rhodium element contained in the catalyst layer (30 or 40) is from 1 to 10, and wherein a ratio of a mass of the rare earth element other than cerium element in terms of an oxide thereof contained in the catalyst layer (30 or 40) to the mass of the rhodium element contained in the catalyst layer (30 or 40) is from 1 to 5.

A method of manufacturing a catalyst article, the method comprising: providing a complex of a humic acid or derivative thereof, and a PGM; providing a support material; applying the complex to the support material to form a loaded support material; disposing the loaded support material on a substrate; and heating the loaded support material to form nanoparticles of the PGM on the support material.

An object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas purification catalyst including a wall-flow substrate and a catalyst layer, and having an improved exhaust gas purification performance, and, in order to achieve such an object, the present invention provides an exhaust gas purification catalyst including: a wall-flow substrate, first catalyst layers; and second catalyst layers; wherein the first catalyst layers and the second catalyst layers satisfy the following expressions (1) to (3):

L1<L2  (1)

T1<T2  (2)

WC1>WC2  (3)

wherein L1 represents the length of the first catalyst layers, L2 represents the length of the second catalyst layers, T1 represents the thickness of the rising portions of the first catalyst layers, T2 represents the thickness of the rising portions of the second catalyst layers, WC1 represents the mass of the first catalyst layers per unit volume of the portion of the substrate provided with the first catalyst layers, and WC2 represents the mass of the second catalyst layers per unit volume of the portion of the substrate provided with the second catalyst layers.

Method for treating a carbon black tail gas wherein the carbon black tail gas is catalytically oxidized to produce an oxidized tail gas. The oxidized tail gas is then treated to remove particulate matter and sulfur oxides. If present, nitrogen oxides can be also removed.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an oxygen storage and release material comprising a ceria-zirconia-based complex oxide improved in ability to remove HC and NOx and a three-way catalyst able to reduce an amount of NOx emission. Further, to solve this problem, an oxygen storage and release material comprising a ceria-zirconia-based complex oxide containing Gd.sub.2O.sub.3 in 0.1 mol % or more and less than 20 mol % and having an ion conductivity of 2×10.sup.−5 S/cm or more at 400° C. is provided. Further, in addition to the above, an oxygen storage and release material having a molar ratio of cerium and zirconium of 0.2 or more and 0.6 or less by cerium/(cerium+zirconium) and an speed of oxygen storage and release “Δt.sub.50” of 20.0 seconds or more or amount of oxygen storage and release of 300 μmol-O.sub.2/g or more etc. was obtained. Further, by applying the oxygen storage and release material to the catalyst, it is possible to assist the purification of exhaust gas as it changes every instant in accordance with the driving conditions and possible to obtain a catalyst with a higher ability to remove harmful components of catalytic precious metals than before. In particular, it is possible to obtain an automotive exhaust gas purification system excellent in ability to remove CO, NOx, and HC.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an oxygen storage and release material comprising a ceria-zirconia-based complex oxide improved in ability to remove HC and NOx and a three-way catalyst able to reduce an amount of NOx emission. Further, to solve this problem, an oxygen storage and release material comprising a ceria-zirconia-based complex oxide containing Gd.sub.2O.sub.3 in 0.1 mol % or more and less than 20 mol % and having an ion conductivity of 2×10.sup.−5 S/cm or more at 400° C. is provided. Further, in addition to the above, an oxygen storage and release material having a molar ratio of cerium and zirconium of 0.2 or more and 0.6 or less by cerium/(cerium+zirconium) and an speed of oxygen storage and release “Δt.sub.50” of 20.0 seconds or more or amount of oxygen storage and release of 300 μmol-O.sub.2/g or more etc. was obtained. Further, by applying the oxygen storage and release material to the catalyst, it is possible to assist the purification of exhaust gas as it changes every instant in accordance with the driving conditions and possible to obtain a catalyst with a higher ability to remove harmful components of catalytic precious metals than before. In particular, it is possible to obtain an automotive exhaust gas purification system excellent in ability to remove CO, NOx, and HC.