The present invention addresses to catalysts applicable to the conversion of CO to CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2 by the water-gas shift reaction. Such catalysts are made up of iron oxides, zirconium oxides, cerium oxides or a mixture of the same, promoted by platinum (Pt) contents between 0.1 and 0.4% m/m and with a sodium (Na) content below 0.01% m/m, based on the oxidized material. The present invention makes it possible to obtain catalysts with a high dispersion of Pt, with metallic particles of the order of 1 nm and methods of preparation by coprecipitation of soluble salts in aqueous medium using ammonium hydroxide as a precipitating agent.

The present invention provides an exhaust gas purification catalyst including a base material and a catalyst layer 20 that is arranged on the base material. The catalyst layer 20 includes a catalyst metal and a carrying material carrying the catalyst metal. The catalyst layer 20 satisfies below: (1) in a pore distribution curve measured by a mercury porosimeter, a peak for the largest pore volume exists within a range of a pore diameter equal to or more than 1 μm and not more than 10 μm; and (2) on an electron microscopy observation image (with a 1000-fold magnification) of a surface of the catalyst layer 20, when areas of a plurality of voids comprised in the electron microscopy observation image are respectively calculated, a standard deviation for the areas of the plurality of voids is not more than 30 μm.sup.2.

The present invention provides an exhaust gas purification catalyst including a base material and a catalyst layer 20 that is arranged on the base material. The catalyst layer 20 includes a catalyst metal and a carrying material carrying the catalyst metal. The catalyst layer 20 satisfies below: (1) in a pore distribution curve measured by a mercury porosimeter, a peak for the largest pore volume exists within a range of a pore diameter equal to or more than 1 μm and not more than 10 μm; and (2) on an electron microscopy observation image (with a 1000-fold magnification) of a surface of the catalyst layer 20, when areas of a plurality of voids comprised in the electron microscopy observation image are respectively calculated, a standard deviation for the areas of the plurality of voids is not more than 30 μm.sup.2.

An automotive catalytic converter includes a three-way catalyst having Rh as the only precious metal configured as a front zone and a three-way catalyst having a mixture of Rh and Pd, Pt, or both configured as a rear zone, such that an exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine passes through the front zone before passing through the rear zone to minimize sulfur poisoning of the catalytic converter.

Disclosed is a heat-resistant ruthenium composite and, more particularly, to a heat-resistant ruthenium composite, a catalyst using same, and an exhaust system, the heat-resistant ruthenium composite being composed of a matrix including a plurality of cores therein, wherein ruthenium is present in a metal state in the core and a Ru complex oxide including Ru perovskite (PV) is contained in the matrix.

Disclosed is a heat-resistant ruthenium composite and, more particularly, to a heat-resistant ruthenium composite, a catalyst using same, and an exhaust system, the heat-resistant ruthenium composite being composed of a matrix including a plurality of cores therein, wherein ruthenium is present in a metal state in the core and a Ru complex oxide including Ru perovskite (PV) is contained in the matrix.

The composite according to the present invention comprises: a mesoporous inorganic support having vacancy defects; and metal alloy nanoparticles dispersed in and bound to the mesoporous inorganic support and containing a precious metal element and an earth rare element. The composite according to the present invention has a very high specific surface area since the alloy is dispersed and present in the form of ultrafine nanoparticles in the porous support, and thus can show remarkably improved activity when used as a material for a chemical reaction, including a catalyst.

The composite according to the present invention comprises: a mesoporous inorganic support having vacancy defects; and metal alloy nanoparticles dispersed in and bound to the mesoporous inorganic support and containing a precious metal element and an earth rare element. The composite according to the present invention has a very high specific surface area since the alloy is dispersed and present in the form of ultrafine nanoparticles in the porous support, and thus can show remarkably improved activity when used as a material for a chemical reaction, including a catalyst.

The invention discloses a catalyst for propane dehydrogenation to propylene and a preparation method and application thereof. The catalyst comprises a support, an active component and promoters supported on the carrier. Among them, the carrier is alumina ball, the active component is platinum group metal, the promoters include three kinds: rare earth elements (Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd), tin, and alkali metal elements (Li, Na, K). When the catalyst is used for propane dehydrogenation to propylene, higher propane conversion and propylene selectivity are obtained.

The invention discloses a catalyst for propane dehydrogenation to propylene and a preparation method and application thereof. The catalyst comprises a support, an active component and promoters supported on the carrier. Among them, the carrier is alumina ball, the active component is platinum group metal, the promoters include three kinds: rare earth elements (Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd), tin, and alkali metal elements (Li, Na, K). When the catalyst is used for propane dehydrogenation to propylene, higher propane conversion and propylene selectivity are obtained.