A method for selectively chemically reducing CO.sub.2 to form CO includes providing a catalyst, and contacting H.sub.2 and CO.sub.2 with the catalyst to chemically reduce CO.sub.2 to form CO. The catalyst includes a metal oxide having a chemical formula of Fe.sub.xCo.sub.yMn(.sub.1-x-y)O.sub.z, in which 0.7≤x≤0.95, 0.01≤y≤0.25, and z is an oxidation coordination number.

The disclosed subject matter presents a catalyst or catalyst composition as well as the methods of making and using the catalyst or catalyst composition. In one aspect, the disclosed subject matter relates to a catalyst comprising CoMn.sub.aSi.sub.bX.sub.cY.sub.dO.sub.x wherein in X comprises an element from Group 11; Y comprises an element from Group 12; a ranges from 0.8 to 1.2; b ranges from 0.1 to 1; c ranges from 0.01 to 0.05; d ranges from 0.01 to 0.05; x is a number determined by the valency requirements of the other elements present; and wherein the catalyst converts synthesis gas to at least one olefin.

A catalyst, including: a transition metal; and an organic solvent. The transition metal is dispersed in the organic solvent in the form of monodisperse nanoparticles; the transition metal has a grain size of between 1 and 100 nm; and the catalyst has a specific surface area of 5 and 300 m.sup.2/g. The invention also provides a method for preparing a catalyst, including: 1) dissolving an organic salt of a transition metal in an organic solvent including a polyhydric alcohol, to yield a mixture; and 2) heating and stirring the mixture in the presence of air or inert gas, holding the mixture at the temperature of between 150 and 250° C. for between 30 and 240 min, to yield the catalyst.

Disclosed herein are base metal catalyst devices for removing ozone, volatile organic compounds, and other pollutants from an air flow stream. A catalyst device includes a housing, a solid substrate disposed within the housing, and a catalyst layer disposed on the substrate. The catalyst layer includes a first base metal catalyst at a first mass percent, a second base metal catalyst at a second mass percent, and a support material impregnated with at least one of the first base metal catalyst or the second base metal catalyst. The preferred catalyst composition is a combination of manganese oxide and copper oxide.

Zero-Rare Earth Metal (ZREM) and Zero-platinum group metals (ZPGM) compositions of varied binary spinel oxides are disclosed as oxygen storage material (OSM) to be used within TWC systems. The ZREM-ZPGM OSM systems comprise binary non-Cu spinel oxides of Co—Fe, Fe—Mn, Co—Mn, or Mn—Fe. The oxygen storage capacity (OSC) property associated with the non-Cu ZREM-ZPGM OSM systems is determined employing isothermal OSC oscillating condition testing. Further, the OSC test results compare the OSC properties of a ZREM-ZPGM reference OSM system including a Cu—Mn binary spinel oxide and PGM reference catalysts including Ce-based OSMs. The non-Cu spinel oxides ZREM-ZPGM OSM systems exhibit significantly improved OSC properties, which are greater than the OSC property of the Ce-based OSM PGM reference systems.

The present invention relates to a Cu-based catalyst, a preparation process thereof and its use as the dehydrogenation catalyst in producing a hydroxyketone compound such as acetoin. Said Cu-based catalyst contains copper, at least one auxiliary metal selected from metal of Group IIA, non-noble metal of Group VIII, metal of Group VIB, metal of Group VIIB, metal of Group IIB and lanthanide metal of periodic table of elements, and an alkali metal, and further contains at least one ketone additive selected from a ketone represented by formula (II) and a ketone represented by formula (II′). Said Cu-based catalyst shows a high the acetoin selectivity as the dehydrogenation catalyst for producing acetoin.
R1-C(═O)—CH(OH)—R2  (II)
R1-C(═O)—CH(═O)—R2  (II′) In formulae (II) and (II′), each group is defined as in the description.

A process for the methanation of carbon monoxide and/or carbon dioxide in a feed stream containing carbon monoxide and/or carbon dioxide is disclosed. This is achieved by a process for the methanation of carbon monoxide and/or carbon dioxide in a feed stream containing carbon monoxide and/or carbon dioxide, hydrogen and more than 1 ppb of sulfur, using a catalyst comprising aluminum oxide, an Ni active composition and Mn. It has surprisingly The Mn-containing Ni catalyst has a high sulfur resistance and also a high sulfur capacity.

Provided herein is a device for removing residual hydrogen peroxide or hydrazine from an effluent gas stream which includes a metal oxide scrubber material configured to react with residual process gases under increased temperatures. Also provided are systems and methods of using the same.

A system and method of pre-purification of a feed gas stream is provided that is particularly suitable for pre-purification of a feed air stream in cryogenic air separation unit. The disclosed pre-purification systems and methods are configured to remove substantially all of the hydrogen, carbon monoxide, water, and carbon dioxide impurities from a feed air stream and is particularly suitable for use in a high purity or ultra-high purity nitrogen plant. The pre-purification systems and methods preferably employ two or more separate layers of hopcalite catalyst with the successive layers of the hopcalite separated by a zeolite adsorbent layer that removes water and carbon dioxide produced in the hopcalite layers.

The oxide-containing particles (transition metal oxide-containing cerium dioxide particle) exert a catalyst performance, and include at least an iron oxide containing an iron component and a manganese oxide containing a manganese component on a surface of each of cerium dioxide particles, wherein the iron oxide and manganese oxide have smaller particle diameters than that of the cerium dioxide particles, and the content rate of the iron oxide and the manganese oxide is within the range of from 15.0% by mass to 35.0% by mass.