The present invention is concerned with the use of certain oxygen storage components. In particular, the use of special mixed oxides as oxygen storage components in exhaust catalysis is disclosed.

The present invention is concerned with oxygen storage materials. In particular an oxygen storage material (OSM) is proposed which comprises a certain mixed oxide as the oxygen storage component. The oxygen storage material can be used in conventional manner in three-way catalysts or NOx-storage catalysts for example.

A photocatalytic member comprises a base and a photocatalytic layer fixed on the base. The photocatalytic layer comprises first photocatalyst particles being visible light responsive photocatalyst particles for hydrogen generation, second photocatalyst particles being visible light responsive photocatalyst particles for oxygen generation, and conductive particles which are provided between the first photocatalyst particle and the second photocatalyst particle, have Fermi level at a negative position relative to an electronic energy level at the upper end of the valence band of the first photocatalyst particle and at a positive position relative to an electronic energy level at the bottom end of the conduction band of the second photocatalyst particle, and are able to store an electron and a hole. In the photocatalytic layer, the conductive particles are located to be coupled to both the first photocatalyst particles and the second photocatalyst particles.

A method of fabricating composite filaments is provided. An initial composite filament including a core and a cladding (such as a Pt-group metal) is cut into smaller pieces (or is first mechanically reduced and then cut into smaller pieces). The smaller pieces of the filaments are inserted into a metal matrix, and the entire structure is then further reduced mechanically in a series of reduction steps. The process can be repeated until the desired cross sectional dimension of the filaments is achieved. The matrix can then be chemically removed to isolate the final composite filaments with the cladding thickness down to the nanometer range. The process allows the organization and integration of filaments of different sizes, compositions, and functionalities into arrays suitable for various applications. Materials and components made from such composite filaments and arrays of composite filaments are also disclosed.

Compositions and methods for the removal of hydrogen sulfide, vapor phase thiols, carbonyl sulfide, and combinations thereof, from gas/vapor streams are provided through the utilization of a regenerable formulated media. The compositions may include a bound complex treated-activated carbon media (BCT-AC media). The compositions and methods provide advantages over current known technologies by reducing the number of required process steps and resulting reduction in capital and operating costs, as well as elimination of aqueous phase processes that are expensive to operate and generate unwanted waste by products. Additionally, the compositions and methods provided remove hydrogen sulfide as recoverable elemental sulfur and are ideally suited for gas/vapor phase applications where carbon dioxide may be present as it has no process or economic impact on the compositions or methods.

An exhaust gas-purifying catalyst includes a support and a catalytic metal as one or more precious metals supported by the support. The support includes a composite oxide having a composition represented by a general formula AB.sub.C.sub.O.sub.3, wherein A represents one or more elements selected from the group consisting of lanthanum, neodymium, and yttrium, B represents iron or a combination of iron and aluminum, C represents one or more elements selected from the group consisting of iridium, ruthenium, tantalum, niobium, molybdenum, and tungsten, and each represents a numerical value within a range of more than 0 and less than 1, and and satisfy relational formulae of > and +1.

An exhaust gas-purifying catalyst includes a support and a catalytic metal as one or more precious metals supported by the support. The support includes a composite oxide having a composition represented by a general formula AB.sub.C.sub.O.sub.3, wherein A represents one or more elements selected from the group consisting of lanthanum, neodymium, and yttrium, B represents iron or a combination of iron and aluminum, C represents one or more elements selected from the group consisting of iridium, ruthenium, tantalum, niobium, molybdenum, and tungsten, and each represents a numerical value within a range of more than 0 and less than 1, and and satisfy relational formulae of > and +1.

A zoned catalyzed substrate monolith comprises a first zone and a second zone that are arranged axially in series. The first zone comprises a platinum group metal loaded on a support and a first base metal oxide or a first base metal loaded on an inorganic oxide. The first base metal oxide is iron oxide, manganese oxide, copper oxide, zinc oxide, nickel oxide, or mixtures thereof. The first base metal is iron, manganese, copper, zinc, nickel, or mixtures thereof. The second zone comprises copper or iron loaded on a zeolite and a second base metal oxide or a second base metal loaded on an inorganic oxide. The second base metal oxide is iron oxide, manganese oxide, copper oxide, zinc oxide, nickel oxide, or mixtures thereof. The second base metal is iron, manganese, copper, zinc, nickel, or mixtures thereof. The second base metal is different from the first base metal.

The present invention is concerned with the use of certain oxygen storage components. In particular, the use of special mixed oxides as oxygen storage components in exhaust catalysis is disclosed.

The present invention is concerned with oxygen storage materials. In particular an oxygen storage material (OSM) is proposed which comprises a certain mixed oxide as the oxygen storage component. The oxygen storage material can be used in conventional manner in three-way catalysts or NOx-storage catalysts for example.