The effects of different perovskite catalysts, catalytic active materials with a crystal structure of ABO.sub.3, on matrix stabilized combustion in a porous ceramic media are explored. Highly porous silicon carbide ceramics are used as a porous media for a catalytically enhanced matrix stabilized combustion of a lean mixture of methane and air. A stainless steel combustion chamber was designed incorporating a window for direct observation of the flame within the porous media. Perovskite catalytic enhancement of SiC porous matrix with La0.75Sr0.25Fe0.6Cr0.35Ru0.05O3; La0.75Sr0.25Fe0.6Cr0.4O3; La0.75Sr0.25Fe0.95Ru0.05O3; La0.75Sr0.25Cr0.95Ru0.05O3; and LaFe0.95Ru0.05O3, for example, were used to enhance combustion. The flammability limits of the combustion of methane and air were explored using both inert and catalytically enhanced surfaces of the porous ceramic media. By coating the SiC porous media with perovskite catalysts it was possible to lower the minimum stable equivalence ratio.

The present invention relates to a process for preparing aldehydes and ketones by carbon-carbon bond cleavage of alkenes, wherein the process is catalysed by first row transition metal nitro coordinated polyoxometalate catalyst. The catalyst can be prepared by pre-treatment of aqua coordinated polyoxometalates with NO.sub.2, or they are formed in situ when the reactions are carried in nitroalkanes under aerobic conditions, or they are formed in situ from nitrosyl (NO) compounds in the presence of O.sub.2.

A catalyst support for manufacturing a mixture of alcohols from synthesis gas comprises a combination of nickel, molybdenum, at least one metal selected from the group consisting of palladium, ruthenium, chromium, gold, zirconium, and aluminum, and at least one of an alkali metal or alkaline earth series metal as a promoter. The catalyst may be used in a process for converting synthesis gas wherein the primary product is a mixture of ethanol (EtOH), propanol (PrOH), and butanol (BuOH), optionally in conjunction with higher alcohols.

The present invention relates to a method for preparing catalyst used for preparing chlorine by oxidizing hydrogen chloride. The method is mixing a slurry mainly containing boron and chromium with a slurry mainly containing copper, boron, alkali-metal elements, rare-earth elements, aluminum sol, silica sol, carrier and optionally other metal elements, the mixing temperature being not more than 100 C., and the residence time being not more than 120 minutes, the mixed slurry is successively treated with spray drying, high temperature calcination, so that the catalyst is obtained. The present invention also relates to the catalyst prepared through the method, use of the catalyst used in the process of preparing chlorine by oxidizing hydrogen chloride and a method for preparing chlorine by using the catalyst. The catalyst is used for preparing chlorine by oxidizing hydrogen chloride with oxygen or air in fluidized bed reactor.

To provide a novel visible light-responsive photocatalyst or tungsten oxide visible light-responsive semiconductor improved in environmental resistance under an alkaline condition. The tungsten oxide visible light-responsive semiconductor unstable under an alkaline condition is improved in environmental resistance without losing photocatalytic function thereof by adding thereto at least one element selected from the group consisting of copper, tantalum, niobium, lanthanum, bismuth, calcium, chromium, manganese and zinc. The obtained environmental resistant visible light-responsive photocatalyst is subjected to an alkaline treatment to thereby be improved in photocatalytic activity.

Provided is a catalyst composition using other metals different from noble metals as a catalytic activity component and which has an excellent catalytic activity even after a thermal duration treatment. Provided are an exhaust gas purifying catalyst composition which includes ceria-zirconia particles with a feature in that a peak arising from (111) plane is divided into two peak tops in an XRD pattern and in which a transition metal including at least one of Cu, Cr, Fe, Mn, Co, Ni, and Ag is supported on the ceria-zirconia particles, and a catalyst using the exhaust gas purifying catalyst composition.

A method for producing a catalyst system for gas reactions comprising at least one planar structure of noble metal having gas-permeable openings, comprising the steps of: (1) providing at least one noble metal powder consisting of at least substantially spherical noble metal particles, and (2) repeatedly applying the noble metal powder or powders provided in step (1) in layers to a substrate in a build chamber, respectively followed by an at least partial melting of the respective noble metal powder applied as a layer with high-energy radiation, and allowing the melted noble metal powder to solidify within the scope of additive manufacturing.

A hydrogenation catalyst, and preparation and use thereof are provided. The catalyst has a support and a hydrogenation active metal component, a phosphorus component and an organic complexing component supported on the support. The hydrogenation active metal component has a Group VIII metal and a Group VIB metal, the organic complexing component has an alcohol, a carboxylic acid, and/or an amine. The catalyst has a spectrum obtained by a temperature-programmed oxidation test exhibiting at least two CO.sub.2 release peaks, the first release peak being in the range of 200-300 C., the second release peak being in the range of 300-400 C. The ratio of the peak height of the first release peak to the peak height of the second release peak is in the range of 0.5-5:1.

A novel photocatalyst Bi.sub.2WO.sub.6/NiO/Ag with hierarchical flower-like Z-scheme heterojunction, which exhibited excellent stability and photocatalytic activity over a wide light spectrum, was synthesized. The as-prepared composites were used in the remediation of real oil sands process water (OSPW) and achieved complete removal of aromatics, classical naphthenic acids (NAs). and heteroatomic NAs after 6 h of photocatalytic treatment. The acute toxicity of OSPW was completely eliminated after only 2 hours of treatment. h+, .Math.OH and O2.Math.were found to be the major oxidative species in the photocatalytic system. The enhanced photocatalytic efficiency is the result of the unique Z-scheme electron transfer among electron mediator Ag, NiO, and Bi2WO6 and the SPR effect near Ag, which was supported by the DFT calculations of the electronic properties of Bi.sub.2WO.sub.6/NiO/Ag heterostructure.

A method may include contacting a hydrocarbon-containing feed with a catalyst in a reactor to form an olefin-containing effluent, then at least partially separating the olefin-containing effluent from the catalyst. Passing the catalyst to a combustor and heating the catalyst by combusting a supplemental fuel. The supplemental fuel includes methane in an amount greater than or equal to 1 mol. %. Passing the catalyst from the combustor to the reactor, such that at least a portion of the catalyst continuously cycles between the reactor and the combustor. The catalyst includes from 0.1 wt. % to 10 wt. % of one or more metals chosen from gallium, indium, thallium or combinations thereof, from 5 ppmw to 1000 ppmw of one or more metals chosen from platinum, palladium, rhodium, iridium, ruthenium, osmium, or combinations thereof, from 100 ppmw to 30000 ppmw of iron, and at least 85 wt. % support.